Resting State of Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type and Healthy Older Adults Using fNIRS
Background/Objectives: This study explores variations in brain activity between individuals with dementia of the Alzheimer’s type (DAT) and healthy older adults during a resting state using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods: FNIRS measured brain activity in ten AD patients and s...
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Pathophysiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1873-149X/32/2/20 |
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| author | In-sop Kim Jaejin Hwang Chorong Oh Richard J. Morris |
| author_facet | In-sop Kim Jaejin Hwang Chorong Oh Richard J. Morris |
| author_sort | In-sop Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background/Objectives: This study explores variations in brain activity between individuals with dementia of the Alzheimer’s type (DAT) and healthy older adults during a resting state using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods: FNIRS measured brain activity in ten AD patients and six healthy individuals. A device with 16 channels was placed on each participant’s forehead to measure oxygenation levels while they kept their eyes closed. The data were analyzed using a support vector machine (SVM) model. Results: The results indicated differences in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) levels between the two groups. Specifically, HbO levels were generally higher in the dementia group in the left hemisphere, with a sharp increase after 26 s. Conversely, HbO levels were consistently lower in the right hemisphere of the dementia group. The SVM analysis demonstrated high accuracy in differentiating between the AD and healthy groups based on HbO levels. Conclusions: The study indicates that differences in brain activity during resting state can potentially distinguish people with DAT from healthy individuals. We found relatively reduced hemoglobin activity in the prefrontal areas of those with DAT. Furthermore, the concentration changes in the HbO in the left lateral prefrontal and right medial brain regions emerged as the most informative in distinguishing individuals with DAT from healthy individuals. The results of the current study show that this method could improve current DAT diagnostic practices due to its efficiency. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a3a21abd91d34ac68c2dbb2fdc4c2a24 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 1873-149X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathophysiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-a3a21abd91d34ac68c2dbb2fdc4c2a242025-06-25T14:17:13ZengMDPI AGPathophysiology1873-149X2025-05-013222010.3390/pathophysiology32020020Resting State of Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type and Healthy Older Adults Using fNIRSIn-sop Kim0Jaejin Hwang1Chorong Oh2Richard J. Morris3School of Allied Health and Communicative Disorders, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USADepartment of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USADepartment of Hearing, Speech and Language Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USASchool of Communication Science and Disorders, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USABackground/Objectives: This study explores variations in brain activity between individuals with dementia of the Alzheimer’s type (DAT) and healthy older adults during a resting state using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods: FNIRS measured brain activity in ten AD patients and six healthy individuals. A device with 16 channels was placed on each participant’s forehead to measure oxygenation levels while they kept their eyes closed. The data were analyzed using a support vector machine (SVM) model. Results: The results indicated differences in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) levels between the two groups. Specifically, HbO levels were generally higher in the dementia group in the left hemisphere, with a sharp increase after 26 s. Conversely, HbO levels were consistently lower in the right hemisphere of the dementia group. The SVM analysis demonstrated high accuracy in differentiating between the AD and healthy groups based on HbO levels. Conclusions: The study indicates that differences in brain activity during resting state can potentially distinguish people with DAT from healthy individuals. We found relatively reduced hemoglobin activity in the prefrontal areas of those with DAT. Furthermore, the concentration changes in the HbO in the left lateral prefrontal and right medial brain regions emerged as the most informative in distinguishing individuals with DAT from healthy individuals. The results of the current study show that this method could improve current DAT diagnostic practices due to its efficiency.https://www.mdpi.com/1873-149X/32/2/20fNIRSAlzheimer’s diseasedementia of the Alzheimer’s typeoxygenated hemoglobin (HbO)SVMbrain activation |
| spellingShingle | In-sop Kim Jaejin Hwang Chorong Oh Richard J. Morris Resting State of Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type and Healthy Older Adults Using fNIRS Pathophysiology fNIRS Alzheimer’s disease dementia of the Alzheimer’s type oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) SVM brain activation |
| title | Resting State of Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type and Healthy Older Adults Using fNIRS |
| title_full | Resting State of Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type and Healthy Older Adults Using fNIRS |
| title_fullStr | Resting State of Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type and Healthy Older Adults Using fNIRS |
| title_full_unstemmed | Resting State of Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type and Healthy Older Adults Using fNIRS |
| title_short | Resting State of Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type and Healthy Older Adults Using fNIRS |
| title_sort | resting state of dementia of the alzheimer s type and healthy older adults using fnirs |
| topic | fNIRS Alzheimer’s disease dementia of the Alzheimer’s type oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) SVM brain activation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1873-149X/32/2/20 |
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