Strategies for the Modification of Vaccinia Virus towards a Better Vaccine Vector
<p xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="first" dir="auto" id="d1450455e141">Vaccinia virus (VACV) confers cross-protective immunity against variola virus, the causative agent of smallpox, and has therefore been extensi...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Compuscript Ltd
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Zoonoses |
| Online Access: | https://www.scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.15212/ZOONOSES-2024-0044 |
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| Summary: | <p xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="first" dir="auto" id="d1450455e141">Vaccinia virus (VACV) confers cross-protective immunity against variola virus, the
causative agent of smallpox, and has therefore been extensively exploited as a preventive
vaccine. Despite the global eradication of smallpox in the 1980s, research efforts
involving VACV have continued due to the potential threat of variola virus being used
as a bioweapon, which poses grave risks to human health. VACV has emerged as a promising
viral vector for vaccine development beyond the traditional application of VACV in
smallpox prophylaxis, which has been attributed to its capacity for efficient foreign
gene expression. Leveraging strategies, such as serial passage in alternative hosts
and genetic engineering techniques, have generated highly attenuated VACV vaccine
vectors by deleting specific viral genes, most notably those encoding immunomodulatory
proteins. The recent emergence of pathogenic orthopoxvirus outbreaks, exemplified
by monkeypox, has reignited scientific interest in VACV research. This review delineates
the commonly targeted viral genes for attenuation during VACV vector modification
and provides an overview of the progress in VACV-vectored vaccine development.
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| ISSN: | 2737-7466 2737-7474 |