Climate-resilient strategies for wheat farming: minimizing climate impact, optimizing productivity, and maximizing profitability in the subtropical agroecological landscape of India

Climate-resilient strategies for wheat farming: minimizing climate impact, optimizing productivity, and maximizing profitability in the subtropical agroecological landscape of India

This study builds upon existing knowledge to quantify the extent of on-farm yield gaps and identify the most effective climate-resilient strategies (CRSs) to bridge them. By addressing these objectives, the study seeks to enhance wheat yield and resilience in the adverse climatic conditions. Product...

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Main Authors: Vijay Singh Meena, Raj Kumar Jat, Shubham Durgude, Suneel Kumar, R. K. Sohane, R. K. Jha, Abhay Kumar, Ujjwal Kumar, Anjani Kumar, R. N. Singh, Illathur R. Reddy, S. Pazhanismy, Rakesh Kumar, Sunita Kumari Meena, Ved Prakash, Sanjay Kumar, Anirban Mukherjee, Brijendu Kumar, Tarun Kumar, Sanjay Mandal, Muneshwar Prasad, Raghubar Sahu, Rajesh Kumar, Pankaj Kumar, Manoj Kumar, Devendra Mandal, Ashok Kumar, Rajeev Singh, Bipul Kumar Mandal, N. K. Singh, Anita Kumari, Jitendra Kumar, S. K. Gangwar, Jogendra Soren, Krishna Bahadur Chhetri, Sourav Chaudhary, Rahul Singh Rajput, Mukesh Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Kumari Sharda, Umesh Narayan Umesh, Ranjan Kumar Singh, Ravikant Chaubey, Vikash Kumar, Ashutosh Yadav, Anmol Kumar, Manish Kumar, Asheesh Chaurasiya, Rupashree Senapati, Sanjeev Kumar, Devesh Kumar, Prabhat Kumar Singh, Sudip Sarkar, Shailja Kumari, Varsha Kumari, Kirti Kumari, Priyanka Kumari, Avinash Kumar, Sonu Kumar Rai, Tej Pratap, Bipul Kumar Jha, Anil Kumar Jha, Dhananjay Pati Tripathi, Swati Sagar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems
Subjects:
cropping systems
planting time
climate resilient strategies
profitability
productivity
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2025.1564812/full
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Summary:This study builds upon existing knowledge to quantify the extent of on-farm yield gaps and identify the most effective climate-resilient strategies (CRSs) to bridge them. By addressing these objectives, the study seeks to enhance wheat yield and resilience in the adverse climatic conditions. Productivity and adoption of CRSs are key indicators to monitor the progress toward more resilient production systems. Total eight project hubs were identified across Bihar (Banka, Bhagalpur, Gaya, Khagaria, Madhubani, Munger, Nalanda, and Nawada) for farmers-field experiment-cum-demonstration during rabi season (2019–2020). Three climate-resilient technologies (i) zero tillage (ZT), (ii) raised bed (RB), and (iii) happy seeder (HS) were evaluated across varying planting times from November 13 to December 31. Field experiments-cum-demonstrations conducted across 566 hectares involving 980 farmers in eight districts of Bihar revealed that early wheat planting (13–30 November) significantly enhanced grain productivity (up to 4.96 t/ha) and profitability (net returns up to $863/ha, B:C ratio 1.92), while delayed sowing (post–mid-December) led to yield reductions of up to 57%. Among crop establishment methods, happy seeder (HS) and zero tillage (ZT) consistently outperformed conventional farmer-managed practices, achieving 12.6–14.5% higher net returns and benefit-cost ratios up to 2.02, underscoring the agronomic and economic advantages of timely planting and resource-conserving technologies. The study concludes that sowing wheat in the second week of November using the Happy Seeder (HS) significantly boosts productivity and profitability. These results offer robust evidence to refine regional planting advisories and promote climate-resilient practices for enhancing wheat adaptation across subtropical India.
ISSN:2571-581X

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