Prevalence of maternal hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care at a tertiary university referral hospital
Abstract Background and purpose of the study Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are the cause of a significant rate of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality among pregnant females and their child. Purpose of the study: To evaluate the current prevalenc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Egyptian Liver Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43066-025-00429-9 |
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| author | Ahmed Moustafa Naglaa Zayed Reham Awad Ayman Hany Mira Atef Shereen Abdel Alem Hanan Abdelhalim |
| author_facet | Ahmed Moustafa Naglaa Zayed Reham Awad Ayman Hany Mira Atef Shereen Abdel Alem Hanan Abdelhalim |
| author_sort | Ahmed Moustafa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background and purpose of the study Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are the cause of a significant rate of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality among pregnant females and their child. Purpose of the study: To evaluate the current prevalence rates of HBV and HIV infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics at a tertiary university referral hospital and to evaluate the risk factors associated with acquisition of infection. Methods A cross-sectional study recruited 500 pregnant women who attended routine antenatal care clinics at a tertiary university referral hospital between December 2021 and April 2022. Blood samples obtained from pregnant women were subsequently screened for HIV and HBV infections by anti-HIV antibodies and HBsAg using Healgen rapid test kits, and pregnant women who tested positive for HIV antibody and HBsAg by rapid test were tested by ELISA (Murex kits) for confirmation and were evaluated for possible treatment. Results Among 500 pregnant females, 3/500 (0.6%, 95% CI: 0.12%–1.74%) pregnant females exhibited a positive result for HBsAg, and 1/500 (0.2%, 95% CI: 0.02%–0.93%) pregnant female exhibited a positive result for anti-HIV antibodies. No combined HBV/HIV infection was detected. There was no significant difference in serum ALT and AST between HBV-positive and -negative cases (p-value = 0.8 and 0.6, respectively). Similarly, there was no significant difference in ultrasonographic findings of the liver between HIV-positive and -negative cases as well as HBV-positive and -negative cases (p-value = 0.9 and 0.2, respectively). The risk factors identified as statistically associated with the positivity of anti-HIV antibodies were the positive family history of HIV (p-value < 0.001), whereas age (p-value = 0.0003) and the presence of surgical procedures (p-value = 0.04) were significantly associated with the positivity of HBsAg. Conclusion The low prevalence of HBV and HIV infections among pregnant women could be due to high awareness and preventive practices in Egypt. However, it is essential to screen all pregnant women for HBV and HIV infections for early identification and counseling and endorse the initiation of antiviral treatment for infected mothers and their newborns. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a2f84fa716cb41dc88d79b6b14fca11c |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2090-6226 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Egyptian Liver Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-a2f84fa716cb41dc88d79b6b14fca11c2025-06-29T11:05:50ZengSpringerOpenEgyptian Liver Journal2090-62262025-06-011511910.1186/s43066-025-00429-9Prevalence of maternal hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care at a tertiary university referral hospitalAhmed Moustafa0Naglaa Zayed1Reham Awad2Ayman Hany3Mira Atef4Shereen Abdel Alem5Hanan Abdelhalim6Endemic Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityEndemic Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityEndemic Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityGynecology and Obstetrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityEndemic Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityEndemic Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityEndemic Medicine and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo UniversityAbstract Background and purpose of the study Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are the cause of a significant rate of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality among pregnant females and their child. Purpose of the study: To evaluate the current prevalence rates of HBV and HIV infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics at a tertiary university referral hospital and to evaluate the risk factors associated with acquisition of infection. Methods A cross-sectional study recruited 500 pregnant women who attended routine antenatal care clinics at a tertiary university referral hospital between December 2021 and April 2022. Blood samples obtained from pregnant women were subsequently screened for HIV and HBV infections by anti-HIV antibodies and HBsAg using Healgen rapid test kits, and pregnant women who tested positive for HIV antibody and HBsAg by rapid test were tested by ELISA (Murex kits) for confirmation and were evaluated for possible treatment. Results Among 500 pregnant females, 3/500 (0.6%, 95% CI: 0.12%–1.74%) pregnant females exhibited a positive result for HBsAg, and 1/500 (0.2%, 95% CI: 0.02%–0.93%) pregnant female exhibited a positive result for anti-HIV antibodies. No combined HBV/HIV infection was detected. There was no significant difference in serum ALT and AST between HBV-positive and -negative cases (p-value = 0.8 and 0.6, respectively). Similarly, there was no significant difference in ultrasonographic findings of the liver between HIV-positive and -negative cases as well as HBV-positive and -negative cases (p-value = 0.9 and 0.2, respectively). The risk factors identified as statistically associated with the positivity of anti-HIV antibodies were the positive family history of HIV (p-value < 0.001), whereas age (p-value = 0.0003) and the presence of surgical procedures (p-value = 0.04) were significantly associated with the positivity of HBsAg. Conclusion The low prevalence of HBV and HIV infections among pregnant women could be due to high awareness and preventive practices in Egypt. However, it is essential to screen all pregnant women for HBV and HIV infections for early identification and counseling and endorse the initiation of antiviral treatment for infected mothers and their newborns.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43066-025-00429-9Hepatitis B virusHuman immunodeficiency virusPregnant womenPrevalence |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed Moustafa Naglaa Zayed Reham Awad Ayman Hany Mira Atef Shereen Abdel Alem Hanan Abdelhalim Prevalence of maternal hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care at a tertiary university referral hospital Egyptian Liver Journal Hepatitis B virus Human immunodeficiency virus Pregnant women Prevalence |
| title | Prevalence of maternal hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care at a tertiary university referral hospital |
| title_full | Prevalence of maternal hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care at a tertiary university referral hospital |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of maternal hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care at a tertiary university referral hospital |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of maternal hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care at a tertiary university referral hospital |
| title_short | Prevalence of maternal hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care at a tertiary university referral hospital |
| title_sort | prevalence of maternal hepatitis b virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care at a tertiary university referral hospital |
| topic | Hepatitis B virus Human immunodeficiency virus Pregnant women Prevalence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43066-025-00429-9 |
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