Multidimensional mechanisms and therapies underlying gastroesophageal reflux disease: focus on immunity, signaling pathways, and the microbiota-gut-brain axis

Multidimensional mechanisms and therapies underlying gastroesophageal reflux disease: focus on immunity, signaling pathways, and the microbiota-gut-brain axis

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has a high incidence rate and a complex pathogenesis that is not yet fully understood. This review aims to provide a comprehensive exploration of the mechanisms underlying GERD, emphasizing the interplay between immune responses, signaling pathways, and the mic...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jiajing Zheng, Lin Tao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
gastroesophageal reflux disease
lower esophageal sphincter
immune cells
cytokines
NF-κB
MAPK
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1629944/full
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