Tip optofluidic immunoassay: Evaluating COVID-19 antibody protection with 1 μL fingertip blood

Tip optofluidic immunoassay: Evaluating COVID-19 antibody protection with 1 μL fingertip blood

Infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continue to pose significant global health challenges. Effective management of reinfection risks depends on sustained levels of binding and neutralizing antibodies. However, conventional methods—such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay...

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Main Authors: Xiaotian Tan, Yujuan Chai, Ruihan Li, Binmao Zhang, Hao Li, Jie Zhang, Tianen Zhu, Weishu Wu, Lixiang An, Shi Hu, Bin Yang, Li Wang, Zhenqiu Cao, Hongjiu Zhang, Peng Wang, Lingling Yu, Shan Yin, Xingyu Li, Fei Shao, Jianheng Huang, Jinze Li, Fan Yang, Chao Zhao, Jiajia Guo, Lin Zeng, Dong Liang, Zhengting Zou, Hairong Zheng, Xudong Fan, Liangzhi Xie, Yunlong Cao, Hui Yang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-07-01
Series:hLife
Subjects:
fingertip blood
optofluidic immunoassay
antibody protection assessment
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
biosensing
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949928325000343
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Summary:Infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continue to pose significant global health challenges. Effective management of reinfection risks depends on sustained levels of binding and neutralizing antibodies. However, conventional methods—such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and virus neutralization tests (VNT)—are limited by complex workflows, long assay durations, and high sample volume requirements, making them less suitable for routine, decentralized, or time-sensitive surveillance. This study presents a custom-developed tip optofluidic immunoassay (TOI) platform that enables rapid, multiplexed antibody profiling using only 1 μL of fingertip blood. The system integrates batch-fabricated microfluidic immunoreactors with a portable chemiluminescent imaging station, completing both binding and neutralization capability assessments within 40 min. TOI achieves a broad dynamic range (3–4 orders of magnitude), high signal-to-noise ratio (∼10,000), and excellent sensitivity for immunoglobulin G (IgG) detection. A renovated version of the rapid in vitro inhibition assay (RIVIA) is incorporated to evaluate neutralizing antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with greater speed and cost-efficiency. In clinical studies, TOI successfully quantified antibody protection against multiple variants, identifying individuals with broad-spectrum immunity to both wild-type and XBB strains. With its high-precision, rapid turnaround, and minimal sample requirement, TOI offers a valuable tool for decentralized immune surveillance and personalized immunization strategy development.
ISSN:2949-9283

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