Technological progress, institutions, and environment: A disaggregated ecological footprint analysis for Gulf Cooperation Council countries
Environmental problems cause global problems and threaten the sustainable future of societies. In this context, this study examines the effects of information and communication technologies (ICT), human capital (HCI), income (GDP), and institutions (INS) on the ecological footprint (ECF) and its sub...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Sustainable Futures |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666188825004903 |
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| Summary: | Environmental problems cause global problems and threaten the sustainable future of societies. In this context, this study examines the effects of information and communication technologies (ICT), human capital (HCI), income (GDP), and institutions (INS) on the ecological footprint (ECF) and its sub-components for the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The study applies the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimator to data from 2000 to 2022. The results indicate that GDP and INS increase ECF and various subcomponents. In contrast, ICT reduces the ecological, carbon, cropland, fishing, and forest footprints. Human capital also contributes to reducing the carbon and cropland footprint. |
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| ISSN: | 2666-1888 |