In Vitro Assessment of Salivary Pellicle Disruption and Biofilm Removal on Titanium: Exploring the Role of Surface Hydrophobicity in Chemical Disinfection
ABSTRACT Objectives Peri‐implantitis is mostly caused by a pathological biofilm that forms through complex processes, initiated by the formation of the salivary pellicle on implant surfaces. Understanding the nature of these pellicles and biofilm and how to remove them is important for preventing pe...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Clinical and Experimental Dental Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.70082 |
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| author | Wenji Cai Azam Fayezi Sisi Mohamed‐Nur Abdallah Ashwaq A. Al‐Hashedi Juan Daniel Gamonal Sánchez Enrique Bravo Hasna H. Kunhipurayil Rubens Albuquerque Zahi Badran Mariano Sanz Faleh Tamimi |
| author_facet | Wenji Cai Azam Fayezi Sisi Mohamed‐Nur Abdallah Ashwaq A. Al‐Hashedi Juan Daniel Gamonal Sánchez Enrique Bravo Hasna H. Kunhipurayil Rubens Albuquerque Zahi Badran Mariano Sanz Faleh Tamimi |
| author_sort | Wenji Cai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Objectives Peri‐implantitis is mostly caused by a pathological biofilm that forms through complex processes, initiated by the formation of the salivary pellicle on implant surfaces. Understanding the nature of these pellicles and biofilm and how to remove them is important for preventing peri‐implant infections and improving the success of dental implants. This study explores the characteristics of the salivary pellicle on titanium surfaces and assesses the effectiveness of different decontamination agents in eliminating the salivary pellicle and related microbial contaminations. Materials and Methods Titanium surfaces were contaminated with salivary pellicles and pathological biofilms. The nature of the salivary pellicle was characterized using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), surface proteomics, contact angle measurements, and fluorescence microscopy. We tested six commonly used decontamination chemicals (chlorhexidine, essential oil‐based mouthwash, citric acid, phosphoric acid, saline, and phosphate buffer saline) as well as newly proposed treatments such as surfactants and solvents (acetone, acetic acid, and Tween 20) for their capability to eliminate salivary pellicles and pathogenic biofilms from titanium surfaces. Results The hydrophobic nature of the salivary pellicle on titanium surfaces limits the efficacy of commonly used hydrophilic solutions in removing pellicles and bacteria. Organic solvents and surfactants, particularly acetic acid and Tween 20, demonstrated superior effectiveness in removing the pellicle and biofilm. Acetic acid was notably effective in restoring surface composition, reducing microbial levels, and removing multispecies biofilms. Conclusions The use of surfactants and solvents could be a promising alternative for the treatment of biofilms on titanium surfaces. However, further studies are needed to explore their clinical applicability. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8fa1f0d60adb49b59434c68bc8bc213c |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2057-4347 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical and Experimental Dental Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-8fa1f0d60adb49b59434c68bc8bc213c2025-06-27T06:08:46ZengWileyClinical and Experimental Dental Research2057-43472025-06-01113n/an/a10.1002/cre2.70082In Vitro Assessment of Salivary Pellicle Disruption and Biofilm Removal on Titanium: Exploring the Role of Surface Hydrophobicity in Chemical DisinfectionWenji Cai0Azam Fayezi Sisi1Mohamed‐Nur Abdallah2Ashwaq A. Al‐Hashedi3Juan Daniel Gamonal Sánchez4Enrique Bravo5Hasna H. Kunhipurayil6Rubens Albuquerque7Zahi Badran8Mariano Sanz9Faleh Tamimi10Faculty of Dentistry McGill University Montreal CanadaFaculty of Dentistry McGill University Montreal CanadaFaculty of Dentistry McGill University Montreal CanadaFaculty of Dentistry McGill University Montreal CanadaETEP Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry Complutense University Madrid SpainETEP Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry Complutense University Madrid SpainCollege of Dental Medicine, QU Health Qatar University Doha QatarFaculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo São Paulo BrazilFaculty of Dentistry McGill University Montreal CanadaETEP Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry Complutense University Madrid SpainCollege of Dental Medicine, QU Health Qatar University Doha QatarABSTRACT Objectives Peri‐implantitis is mostly caused by a pathological biofilm that forms through complex processes, initiated by the formation of the salivary pellicle on implant surfaces. Understanding the nature of these pellicles and biofilm and how to remove them is important for preventing peri‐implant infections and improving the success of dental implants. This study explores the characteristics of the salivary pellicle on titanium surfaces and assesses the effectiveness of different decontamination agents in eliminating the salivary pellicle and related microbial contaminations. Materials and Methods Titanium surfaces were contaminated with salivary pellicles and pathological biofilms. The nature of the salivary pellicle was characterized using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), surface proteomics, contact angle measurements, and fluorescence microscopy. We tested six commonly used decontamination chemicals (chlorhexidine, essential oil‐based mouthwash, citric acid, phosphoric acid, saline, and phosphate buffer saline) as well as newly proposed treatments such as surfactants and solvents (acetone, acetic acid, and Tween 20) for their capability to eliminate salivary pellicles and pathogenic biofilms from titanium surfaces. Results The hydrophobic nature of the salivary pellicle on titanium surfaces limits the efficacy of commonly used hydrophilic solutions in removing pellicles and bacteria. Organic solvents and surfactants, particularly acetic acid and Tween 20, demonstrated superior effectiveness in removing the pellicle and biofilm. Acetic acid was notably effective in restoring surface composition, reducing microbial levels, and removing multispecies biofilms. Conclusions The use of surfactants and solvents could be a promising alternative for the treatment of biofilms on titanium surfaces. However, further studies are needed to explore their clinical applicability.https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.70082biofilmsdecontaminationhydrophobicityperi‐implantitissalivary pellicle |
| spellingShingle | Wenji Cai Azam Fayezi Sisi Mohamed‐Nur Abdallah Ashwaq A. Al‐Hashedi Juan Daniel Gamonal Sánchez Enrique Bravo Hasna H. Kunhipurayil Rubens Albuquerque Zahi Badran Mariano Sanz Faleh Tamimi In Vitro Assessment of Salivary Pellicle Disruption and Biofilm Removal on Titanium: Exploring the Role of Surface Hydrophobicity in Chemical Disinfection Clinical and Experimental Dental Research biofilms decontamination hydrophobicity peri‐implantitis salivary pellicle |
| title | In Vitro Assessment of Salivary Pellicle Disruption and Biofilm Removal on Titanium: Exploring the Role of Surface Hydrophobicity in Chemical Disinfection |
| title_full | In Vitro Assessment of Salivary Pellicle Disruption and Biofilm Removal on Titanium: Exploring the Role of Surface Hydrophobicity in Chemical Disinfection |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Assessment of Salivary Pellicle Disruption and Biofilm Removal on Titanium: Exploring the Role of Surface Hydrophobicity in Chemical Disinfection |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Assessment of Salivary Pellicle Disruption and Biofilm Removal on Titanium: Exploring the Role of Surface Hydrophobicity in Chemical Disinfection |
| title_short | In Vitro Assessment of Salivary Pellicle Disruption and Biofilm Removal on Titanium: Exploring the Role of Surface Hydrophobicity in Chemical Disinfection |
| title_sort | in vitro assessment of salivary pellicle disruption and biofilm removal on titanium exploring the role of surface hydrophobicity in chemical disinfection |
| topic | biofilms decontamination hydrophobicity peri‐implantitis salivary pellicle |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/cre2.70082 |
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