Sorghum elemental content response to altered nitrogen input timing and drought stress
Abstract The nutritional and technological utility of crop biomass is dependent on tissue elemental content. We hypothesized that agronomic practices to improve semiarid crop sustainability impact element concentrations as a function of biomass response (greater biomass = more dilution of elements)....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70095 |
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| author | Benjamin D. Duval Jamie Martin Bonnie Frey Mark A. Marsalis |
| author_facet | Benjamin D. Duval Jamie Martin Bonnie Frey Mark A. Marsalis |
| author_sort | Benjamin D. Duval |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The nutritional and technological utility of crop biomass is dependent on tissue elemental content. We hypothesized that agronomic practices to improve semiarid crop sustainability impact element concentrations as a function of biomass response (greater biomass = more dilution of elements). Soil and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) tissues (postharvest roots, stems, leaves, and grain) from experimental plots with ∼40% reduction in irrigation and nitrogen (N) fertilizer timing (all at planting or split applications) were analyzed for a suite of biologically relevant elements. Irrigation and N timing interactions increased root sulfur (S) under conservation irrigation and split N, and higher cadmium (Cd) with full irrigation and single N. Significant interactions were observed for grain S, calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and molybdenum (Mo). Soils under conservation irrigation had higher sodium (Na) and lower selenium (Se) and Cd concentrations. We measured significantly greater root magnesium (Mg), Ca, vanadium (V), manganese (Mn), Fe, zinc (Zn), and strontium (Sr) under fully irrigated conditions compared to conservation irrigated conditions. Stem potassium (K) and Cd concentrations were higher under full irrigation. Leaf and grain element concentrations were not impacted by the irrigation alone. Split N applications resulted in significant increases of Na, Mg, S, K, Ca, V, Fe, Cu, Sr, Se, and Mo concentration in stems, leaves (all elements), and grain (Na, Mg, and Zn). Several nutrients declined under full irrigation and split N, previously shown to lower N2O emissions. Our results fit previous reports of significant elemental concentration variation among sorghum varieties and tissues, sorghum element concentrations respond to alterations in water and N inputs, and biomass promoting practices can decrease nutrient concentrations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8f3f34f0101e4e77854d7ba0741c33d0 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2639-6696 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment |
| spelling | doaj-art-8f3f34f0101e4e77854d7ba0741c33d02025-06-25T06:13:00ZengWileyAgrosystems, Geosciences & Environment2639-66962025-06-0182n/an/a10.1002/agg2.70095Sorghum elemental content response to altered nitrogen input timing and drought stressBenjamin D. Duval0Jamie Martin1Bonnie Frey2Mark A. Marsalis3Biology Department New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology Socorro New Mexico USABiology Department New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology Socorro New Mexico USANew Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Socorro New Mexico USALos Lunas Agricultural Science Center New Mexico State University Los Lunas New Mexico USAAbstract The nutritional and technological utility of crop biomass is dependent on tissue elemental content. We hypothesized that agronomic practices to improve semiarid crop sustainability impact element concentrations as a function of biomass response (greater biomass = more dilution of elements). Soil and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) tissues (postharvest roots, stems, leaves, and grain) from experimental plots with ∼40% reduction in irrigation and nitrogen (N) fertilizer timing (all at planting or split applications) were analyzed for a suite of biologically relevant elements. Irrigation and N timing interactions increased root sulfur (S) under conservation irrigation and split N, and higher cadmium (Cd) with full irrigation and single N. Significant interactions were observed for grain S, calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and molybdenum (Mo). Soils under conservation irrigation had higher sodium (Na) and lower selenium (Se) and Cd concentrations. We measured significantly greater root magnesium (Mg), Ca, vanadium (V), manganese (Mn), Fe, zinc (Zn), and strontium (Sr) under fully irrigated conditions compared to conservation irrigated conditions. Stem potassium (K) and Cd concentrations were higher under full irrigation. Leaf and grain element concentrations were not impacted by the irrigation alone. Split N applications resulted in significant increases of Na, Mg, S, K, Ca, V, Fe, Cu, Sr, Se, and Mo concentration in stems, leaves (all elements), and grain (Na, Mg, and Zn). Several nutrients declined under full irrigation and split N, previously shown to lower N2O emissions. Our results fit previous reports of significant elemental concentration variation among sorghum varieties and tissues, sorghum element concentrations respond to alterations in water and N inputs, and biomass promoting practices can decrease nutrient concentrations.https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70095 |
| spellingShingle | Benjamin D. Duval Jamie Martin Bonnie Frey Mark A. Marsalis Sorghum elemental content response to altered nitrogen input timing and drought stress Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment |
| title | Sorghum elemental content response to altered nitrogen input timing and drought stress |
| title_full | Sorghum elemental content response to altered nitrogen input timing and drought stress |
| title_fullStr | Sorghum elemental content response to altered nitrogen input timing and drought stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sorghum elemental content response to altered nitrogen input timing and drought stress |
| title_short | Sorghum elemental content response to altered nitrogen input timing and drought stress |
| title_sort | sorghum elemental content response to altered nitrogen input timing and drought stress |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70095 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT benjamindduval sorghumelementalcontentresponsetoalterednitrogeninputtiminganddroughtstress AT jamiemartin sorghumelementalcontentresponsetoalterednitrogeninputtiminganddroughtstress AT bonniefrey sorghumelementalcontentresponsetoalterednitrogeninputtiminganddroughtstress AT markamarsalis sorghumelementalcontentresponsetoalterednitrogeninputtiminganddroughtstress |