Comparative Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of High and Low Toxin-Producing <i>Karenia brevis</i> Strains Reveals Differences in Polyketide Synthase Abundance and Redox Status of the Proteome
To identify differentially abundant polyketide synthases (PKSs) and to characterize the biochemical consequences of brevetoxin biosynthesis, bottom-up, TMT-based quantitative proteomics and redox proteomics were conducted to compare two strains of the Florida red tide dinoflagellate <i>Karenia...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/23/7/291 |
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| Summary: | To identify differentially abundant polyketide synthases (PKSs) and to characterize the biochemical consequences of brevetoxin biosynthesis, bottom-up, TMT-based quantitative proteomics and redox proteomics were conducted to compare two strains of the Florida red tide dinoflagellate <i>Karenia brevis</i>, which differ significantly in their brevetoxin content. Forty-eight PKS enzymes potentially linked to brevetoxin production were identified, with thirty-eight showing up to 16-fold higher abundance in the high-toxin strain. A pronounced shift toward a more oxidized redox state was observed in this strain’s proteome. Notably, 25 antioxidant-related proteins were significantly elevated, including alternative oxidase (AOX), which increased by 17-fold. These results elucidate the cellular consequences of toxin biosynthesis in <i>K. brevis</i>, offer new leads for the study of brevetoxin biosynthesis, and suggest a novel red tide mitigation approach targeting high toxin-producing strains. |
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| ISSN: | 1660-3397 |