Rumination Patterns, Positive and Negative Changes among Primary Caregivers of Cancer Patients in Pakistan
Background: Cancer being characterized as a chronic illness not only affects the patient but also the person who provides care for them. The traumatic experience of its diagnosis poses both positive and negative changes among primary caregivers. Objective: Aim of this study was to determine the e...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Health Research Institute (HRI), National Institute of Health (NIH)
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Pakistan Journal of Medical Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.pjmr.org.pk/index.php/pjmr/article/view/778 |
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| Summary: | Background: Cancer being characterized as a chronic illness not only affects the patient but also the person who provides care for them. The traumatic experience of its diagnosis poses both positive and negative changes among primary caregivers.
Objective: Aim of this study was to determine the effect of caregiving-related rumination patterns on the positive and negative changes in primary caregivers of cancer patients in Pakistan.
Study type, settings & duration: This cross-sectional study was conducted at National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad in collaboration with various hospitals of Rawalpindi and Islamabad from June to August 2023.
Methodology: A sample size comprising 131 adults was considered in this study. After taking the informed consent, data were collected using the English versions of the Event Related Rumination Inventory and the Changes in Outlook Questionnaire, both with acceptable reliability. Data were analyzed using SPSS.
Results: A total of 131 caregivers including 49 (37.40 %) males and 82 (62.60%) females with mean age of 33.4 years participated in this study. Intrusive rumination was found to positively predict negative changes (β=.66, p <.001) and negatively predict positive changes (β= -.43, p <.001). Additionally, deliberate rumination positively predicted the positive changes (β= .34, p <.001) and negatively predicted the negative changes (β= -.25, p <.001). Higher caregiver education and more time spent caring were positively associated with positive changes and deliberate rumination, while negatively associated with negative changes and intrusive rumination.
Conclusion: Caregivers with unwanted thoughts face more negative changes, while those who reflect purposefully .......
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| ISSN: | 0030-9842 |