Enhanced Photocatalytic Performances and Mechanistic Insights for Novel Ag-Bridged Dual Z-Scheme AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> Composites
In this study, AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> ternary composite photocatalysts with dual Z-scheme heterojunction were fabricated via the in situ loading of Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> onto WO<sub>3</sub> follow...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| author | Chunlei Ma Jianke Tang Qi Wang Rongqian Meng Qiaoling Li |
| author_facet | Chunlei Ma Jianke Tang Qi Wang Rongqian Meng Qiaoling Li |
| author_sort | Chunlei Ma |
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| description | In this study, AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> ternary composite photocatalysts with dual Z-scheme heterojunction were fabricated via the in situ loading of Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> onto WO<sub>3</sub> followed by anion exchange. Compared to single photocatalysts and binary composites, the AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> composites exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity in the photodegradation of chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTC) under visible-light irradiation. Notably, the AAW-40 photocatalyst, which contained an AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> molar ratio of 40%, degraded 75.7% of the CTC within 75 min. Moreover, AAW-40 demonstrated an excellent performance in the cyclic degradation of CTC over four cyclic degradation experiments. The separation and transfer kinetics of the AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> composite were investigated with photoluminescence spectroscopy, time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy, and electrochemical measurements. The improved photocatalytic performance was primarily due to the creation of a silver-bridged dual Z-scheme heterojunction, which facilitated the efficient separation of photoinduced electron–hole pairs, retained the strong reducing capability of electrons in AgI, and ensured the strongly oxidizing nature of the photoexcited holes in WO<sub>3</sub>. The dual Z-scheme charge-transfer mechanism was further validated using in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This study provides a foundation for developing innovative dual Z-scheme photocatalytic systems aimed at the efficient degradation of antibiotics in wastewater. |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
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| series | Inorganics |
| spelling | doaj-art-8535b51b469f4bdcb3e93dceca0b2d072025-07-25T13:25:25ZengMDPI AGInorganics2304-67402025-07-0113722210.3390/inorganics13070222Enhanced Photocatalytic Performances and Mechanistic Insights for Novel Ag-Bridged Dual Z-Scheme AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> CompositesChunlei Ma0Jianke Tang1Qi Wang2Rongqian Meng3Qiaoling Li4Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, ChinaDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, ChinaDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, ChinaDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, ChinaIn this study, AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> ternary composite photocatalysts with dual Z-scheme heterojunction were fabricated via the in situ loading of Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> onto WO<sub>3</sub> followed by anion exchange. Compared to single photocatalysts and binary composites, the AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> composites exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity in the photodegradation of chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTC) under visible-light irradiation. Notably, the AAW-40 photocatalyst, which contained an AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> molar ratio of 40%, degraded 75.7% of the CTC within 75 min. Moreover, AAW-40 demonstrated an excellent performance in the cyclic degradation of CTC over four cyclic degradation experiments. The separation and transfer kinetics of the AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> composite were investigated with photoluminescence spectroscopy, time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy, and electrochemical measurements. The improved photocatalytic performance was primarily due to the creation of a silver-bridged dual Z-scheme heterojunction, which facilitated the efficient separation of photoinduced electron–hole pairs, retained the strong reducing capability of electrons in AgI, and ensured the strongly oxidizing nature of the photoexcited holes in WO<sub>3</sub>. The dual Z-scheme charge-transfer mechanism was further validated using in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. This study provides a foundation for developing innovative dual Z-scheme photocatalytic systems aimed at the efficient degradation of antibiotics in wastewater.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/13/7/222AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub>visible lightphotocatalysisCTCdual Z-scheme |
| spellingShingle | Chunlei Ma Jianke Tang Qi Wang Rongqian Meng Qiaoling Li Enhanced Photocatalytic Performances and Mechanistic Insights for Novel Ag-Bridged Dual Z-Scheme AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> Composites Inorganics AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> visible light photocatalysis CTC dual Z-scheme |
| title | Enhanced Photocatalytic Performances and Mechanistic Insights for Novel Ag-Bridged Dual Z-Scheme AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> Composites |
| title_full | Enhanced Photocatalytic Performances and Mechanistic Insights for Novel Ag-Bridged Dual Z-Scheme AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> Composites |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced Photocatalytic Performances and Mechanistic Insights for Novel Ag-Bridged Dual Z-Scheme AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> Composites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced Photocatalytic Performances and Mechanistic Insights for Novel Ag-Bridged Dual Z-Scheme AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> Composites |
| title_short | Enhanced Photocatalytic Performances and Mechanistic Insights for Novel Ag-Bridged Dual Z-Scheme AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> Composites |
| title_sort | enhanced photocatalytic performances and mechanistic insights for novel ag bridged dual z scheme agi ag sub 3 sub po sub 4 sub wo sub 3 sub composites |
| topic | AgI/Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>/WO<sub>3</sub> visible light photocatalysis CTC dual Z-scheme |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/13/7/222 |
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