Comparative Analysis of <i>Microtendipes</i> Mitogenomes (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Their Phylogenetic Implications
Insect mitochondrial genomes are vital to understanding evolutionary relationships and identifying species. This study focused on <i>Microtendipes</i> (<i>Chironomidae</i>), a genus with unresolved phylogenetic positioning and cryptic species challenges. We sequenced and anal...
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2025-06-01
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| author | Chao Song Yiyi Wang Wenji Wang Teng Lei Xin Qi Luxian Li |
| author_facet | Chao Song Yiyi Wang Wenji Wang Teng Lei Xin Qi Luxian Li |
| author_sort | Chao Song |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Insect mitochondrial genomes are vital to understanding evolutionary relationships and identifying species. This study focused on <i>Microtendipes</i> (<i>Chironomidae</i>), a genus with unresolved phylogenetic positioning and cryptic species challenges. We sequenced and analyzed eight mitogenomes from five <i>Microtendipes</i> species, integrating 23 published Chironominae mitogenomes to reconstruct phylogenies using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference. The mitogenomes exhibited conserved gene arrangements but variable control region lengths (338–1266 bp) and high AT content (94.14–96.42% in control regions). Our results show that <i>Microtendipes</i> species may be a separate group within the subfamily, while also supporting the monophyly of the <i>Harnischia</i>, <i>Polypedilum</i>, and <i>Chironomus</i> complexes. The monophyly of <i>Microtendipes bimaculus</i> was weakly supported, which may demonstrate the presence of two potential cryptic species. Notably, larval morphology-based species groupings conflicted with the molecular data, suggesting that classifications derived from larval morphological traits may be unreliable. This study advances the evolutionary understanding of <i>Chironomidae</i> and underscores the limitations of single-gene barcodes in species-rich genera. |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj-art-81d59f22a5814f4b85d69497f455f32c2025-06-25T13:43:15ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182025-06-0117642410.3390/d17060424Comparative Analysis of <i>Microtendipes</i> Mitogenomes (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Their Phylogenetic ImplicationsChao Song0Yiyi Wang1Wenji Wang2Teng Lei3Xin Qi4Luxian Li5Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, ChinaZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, ChinaZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, ChinaZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, ChinaZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, ChinaZhejiang Environment Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310012, ChinaInsect mitochondrial genomes are vital to understanding evolutionary relationships and identifying species. This study focused on <i>Microtendipes</i> (<i>Chironomidae</i>), a genus with unresolved phylogenetic positioning and cryptic species challenges. We sequenced and analyzed eight mitogenomes from five <i>Microtendipes</i> species, integrating 23 published Chironominae mitogenomes to reconstruct phylogenies using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference. The mitogenomes exhibited conserved gene arrangements but variable control region lengths (338–1266 bp) and high AT content (94.14–96.42% in control regions). Our results show that <i>Microtendipes</i> species may be a separate group within the subfamily, while also supporting the monophyly of the <i>Harnischia</i>, <i>Polypedilum</i>, and <i>Chironomus</i> complexes. The monophyly of <i>Microtendipes bimaculus</i> was weakly supported, which may demonstrate the presence of two potential cryptic species. Notably, larval morphology-based species groupings conflicted with the molecular data, suggesting that classifications derived from larval morphological traits may be unreliable. This study advances the evolutionary understanding of <i>Chironomidae</i> and underscores the limitations of single-gene barcodes in species-rich genera.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/17/6/424mitogenomeChironomidaephylogeny<i>Microtendipes</i> |
| spellingShingle | Chao Song Yiyi Wang Wenji Wang Teng Lei Xin Qi Luxian Li Comparative Analysis of <i>Microtendipes</i> Mitogenomes (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Their Phylogenetic Implications Diversity mitogenome Chironomidae phylogeny <i>Microtendipes</i> |
| title | Comparative Analysis of <i>Microtendipes</i> Mitogenomes (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Their Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_full | Comparative Analysis of <i>Microtendipes</i> Mitogenomes (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Their Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Analysis of <i>Microtendipes</i> Mitogenomes (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Their Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Analysis of <i>Microtendipes</i> Mitogenomes (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Their Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_short | Comparative Analysis of <i>Microtendipes</i> Mitogenomes (Diptera: Chironomidae) and Their Phylogenetic Implications |
| title_sort | comparative analysis of i microtendipes i mitogenomes diptera chironomidae and their phylogenetic implications |
| topic | mitogenome Chironomidae phylogeny <i>Microtendipes</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/17/6/424 |
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