Nitrogen reduction with supplemental irrigation enhances yield by delaying leaf senescence and optimizing grain-filling process for ridge-furrow film mulching winter wheat
The ridge-furrow film mulching (RFM) planting pattern has been extensively implemented in the arid regions of northwest China to improve grain yields. However, the optimal supplemental irrigation rate to further increase the yield of winter wheat under RFM remains unclear. Furthermore, excessive app...
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Elsevier
2025-09-01
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| Series: | Agricultural Water Management |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377425004196 |
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| author | Xiaobo Gu Yang Xu Tongtong Zhao Yadan Du Yuanling Zhang Yuyu Tian Zhikai Cheng Huanjie Cai Zhandong Liu |
| author_facet | Xiaobo Gu Yang Xu Tongtong Zhao Yadan Du Yuanling Zhang Yuyu Tian Zhikai Cheng Huanjie Cai Zhandong Liu |
| author_sort | Xiaobo Gu |
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| description | The ridge-furrow film mulching (RFM) planting pattern has been extensively implemented in the arid regions of northwest China to improve grain yields. However, the optimal supplemental irrigation rate to further increase the yield of winter wheat under RFM remains unclear. Furthermore, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer has resulted in severe resource inefficiency and environmental pollution. In order to determine the optimal combination of supplemental irrigation and nitrogen application rates for high-yielding winter wheat under RFM, a two-year (2022 −2024) field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of varying irrigation and nitrogen amounts on soil water content, chlorophyll content, aboveground dry matter, grain-filling process, yield, and water-nitrogen use efficiencies. The experiment comprised three supplemental irrigation rates (I0: 0 mm, I1: 30 mm, I2: 60 mm; which were applied at both overwintering and jointing stages), and four nitrogen application rates (N0: 0 kg N ha−1, N1: 100 kg N ha−1, N2: 200 kg N ha−1, and N3: 300 kg N ha−1), with a local conventional field management (flat planting without mulching combination with 60 mm irrigation at both overwintering and jointing stages, and 300 kg N ha⁻1) as the control (CK). Compared to CK, I1N2 increased the soil water content by 2.90 % in the 0 −100 cm soil layer throughout the winter wheat growth seasons. The relative leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) decreased from top to bottom layers, and showed an upward trend with the increase of irrigation and nitrogen levels. The leaf area index at heading stage and aboveground biomass at maturity stage were maximized in I1N2, with significant increases of 7.62 %−89.94 % and 5.71 %−62.38 % compared to other treatments. The active grain-filling period in I1 and I2 was extended by 0.46 −2.44 days and 0.97 −2.38 days compared to I0. In both two years, the I1N2 achieved the greatest grain yield (9423.89 kg ha−1) and water use efficiency (WUE) (26.65 kg ha−1 mm−1), with a relative greater nitrogen partial factor productivity (NPFP) of 47.12 kg kg−1. By conducting a comprehensive evaluation of grain yield, WUE, and NPFP, the combination of 55.8 −66.1 mm supplemental irrigation and 135.0 −147.2 kg N ha−1 nitrogen application was recommended for winter wheat under RFM to obtain high yield and high water-nitrogen use efficiencies. The results of present study would provide theoretical support and technical guidance for enhancing sustainable agriculture development in arid regions of northwest China. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 1873-2283 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-74b50f63a41e48d09d71d3a9c367497b2025-08-01T04:44:13ZengElsevierAgricultural Water Management1873-22832025-09-01318109705Nitrogen reduction with supplemental irrigation enhances yield by delaying leaf senescence and optimizing grain-filling process for ridge-furrow film mulching winter wheatXiaobo Gu0Yang Xu1Tongtong Zhao2Yadan Du3Yuanling Zhang4Yuyu Tian5Zhikai Cheng6Huanjie Cai7Zhandong Liu8Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, ChinaKey Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Correspondence to: No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinxiang 453002, China; Correspondence to: Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, Henan Province 453002, China.The ridge-furrow film mulching (RFM) planting pattern has been extensively implemented in the arid regions of northwest China to improve grain yields. However, the optimal supplemental irrigation rate to further increase the yield of winter wheat under RFM remains unclear. Furthermore, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer has resulted in severe resource inefficiency and environmental pollution. In order to determine the optimal combination of supplemental irrigation and nitrogen application rates for high-yielding winter wheat under RFM, a two-year (2022 −2024) field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of varying irrigation and nitrogen amounts on soil water content, chlorophyll content, aboveground dry matter, grain-filling process, yield, and water-nitrogen use efficiencies. The experiment comprised three supplemental irrigation rates (I0: 0 mm, I1: 30 mm, I2: 60 mm; which were applied at both overwintering and jointing stages), and four nitrogen application rates (N0: 0 kg N ha−1, N1: 100 kg N ha−1, N2: 200 kg N ha−1, and N3: 300 kg N ha−1), with a local conventional field management (flat planting without mulching combination with 60 mm irrigation at both overwintering and jointing stages, and 300 kg N ha⁻1) as the control (CK). Compared to CK, I1N2 increased the soil water content by 2.90 % in the 0 −100 cm soil layer throughout the winter wheat growth seasons. The relative leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD) decreased from top to bottom layers, and showed an upward trend with the increase of irrigation and nitrogen levels. The leaf area index at heading stage and aboveground biomass at maturity stage were maximized in I1N2, with significant increases of 7.62 %−89.94 % and 5.71 %−62.38 % compared to other treatments. The active grain-filling period in I1 and I2 was extended by 0.46 −2.44 days and 0.97 −2.38 days compared to I0. In both two years, the I1N2 achieved the greatest grain yield (9423.89 kg ha−1) and water use efficiency (WUE) (26.65 kg ha−1 mm−1), with a relative greater nitrogen partial factor productivity (NPFP) of 47.12 kg kg−1. By conducting a comprehensive evaluation of grain yield, WUE, and NPFP, the combination of 55.8 −66.1 mm supplemental irrigation and 135.0 −147.2 kg N ha−1 nitrogen application was recommended for winter wheat under RFM to obtain high yield and high water-nitrogen use efficiencies. The results of present study would provide theoretical support and technical guidance for enhancing sustainable agriculture development in arid regions of northwest China.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377425004196SPAD vertical distributionGrain-filling characteristicsWater-nitrogen use efficienciesIrrigation and nitrogen optimization |
| spellingShingle | Xiaobo Gu Yang Xu Tongtong Zhao Yadan Du Yuanling Zhang Yuyu Tian Zhikai Cheng Huanjie Cai Zhandong Liu Nitrogen reduction with supplemental irrigation enhances yield by delaying leaf senescence and optimizing grain-filling process for ridge-furrow film mulching winter wheat Agricultural Water Management SPAD vertical distribution Grain-filling characteristics Water-nitrogen use efficiencies Irrigation and nitrogen optimization |
| title | Nitrogen reduction with supplemental irrigation enhances yield by delaying leaf senescence and optimizing grain-filling process for ridge-furrow film mulching winter wheat |
| title_full | Nitrogen reduction with supplemental irrigation enhances yield by delaying leaf senescence and optimizing grain-filling process for ridge-furrow film mulching winter wheat |
| title_fullStr | Nitrogen reduction with supplemental irrigation enhances yield by delaying leaf senescence and optimizing grain-filling process for ridge-furrow film mulching winter wheat |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nitrogen reduction with supplemental irrigation enhances yield by delaying leaf senescence and optimizing grain-filling process for ridge-furrow film mulching winter wheat |
| title_short | Nitrogen reduction with supplemental irrigation enhances yield by delaying leaf senescence and optimizing grain-filling process for ridge-furrow film mulching winter wheat |
| title_sort | nitrogen reduction with supplemental irrigation enhances yield by delaying leaf senescence and optimizing grain filling process for ridge furrow film mulching winter wheat |
| topic | SPAD vertical distribution Grain-filling characteristics Water-nitrogen use efficiencies Irrigation and nitrogen optimization |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377425004196 |
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