Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Heavy Metals in Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) Grown in Soils Irrigated with Paper Mill Effluent

Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Heavy Metals in Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) Grown in Soils Irrigated with Paper Mill Effluent

Unregulated irrigation with partially industrial effluents may lead to heavy metal contamination in crops and pose significant human health risks, especially in developing countries like India. Therefore, the present study aimed to quantify six heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) in soil and w...

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Main Authors: Mohssen Elbagory, Amal Zayed, Nagwa El-Khateeb, Sahar El-Nahrawy, Alaa El-Dein Omara, Ibrahim Mohamed, Marwa Yasien Helmy Elbyaly, Mahmoud El-Sharkawy, Jogendra Singh, Ana Dzaja, Boro Mioč, Ivan Širić
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Toxics
Subjects:
health risk assessment
heavy metals
modeling analysis
paper mill effluent
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/6/497
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