Robotic-Assisted XRF Testing System for In-Situ Areal Density Measurement of Light-Sensitive Explosive Coatings
The light-sensitive explosive (silver acetylide–silver nitrate, SASN) sprayed on structural surfaces can be synchronously initiated by intense pulsed flash, thereby simulating cold X-ray blow-off events characterized by thermal–mechanical coupling effects. By adjusting the areal density of SASN coat...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/12/3581 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Summary: | The light-sensitive explosive (silver acetylide–silver nitrate, SASN) sprayed on structural surfaces can be synchronously initiated by intense pulsed flash, thereby simulating cold X-ray blow-off events characterized by thermal–mechanical coupling effects. By adjusting the areal density of SASN coatings, proportional blow-off impulse levels can be achieved. To address the challenge of in situ and non-destructive areal density measurement for SASN coatings, this study developed an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) detection system integrated with a six-axis spray robot. Excitation parameters (50 kV, 20 μA) and geometric configuration (6 cm focal distance) were optimized to establish a quadratic calibration model between Ag K<sub>α</sub> counts and areal density (0–80 mg/cm<sup>2</sup>) with high correlation (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9987). Validation experiments were conducted on a uniformly coated SASN plate (20 × 20 cm) to evaluate the consistency between XRF and sampling methods. The XRF-measured areal density averaged 12.722 mg/cm<sup>2</sup> with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 3.19%. The reference value obtained by the sampling method was 12.718 mg/cm<sup>2</sup> (CV = 1.57%). The relative deviation between the two methods was only 0.03%, confirming the feasibility of XRF for the quantification of SASN coatings. The XRF system completed measurements in 1 h, achieving a 77.8% time reduction compared to conventional sampling (4.5 h), significantly enhancing efficiency. This work provides a reliable solution for in situ and non-destructive quality control of energetic material coatings. |
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 1424-8220 |