Comparing the Effects of Various Implant Abutment Materials on Gingival Fibroblast Attachment In Vitro
Background: Implant abutment materials play a crucial role in influencing peri-implant soft tissue integration and long-term implant success. Gingival fibroblast attachment to abutment surfaces is a key factor in establishing a stable epithelial seal and reducing the risk of peri-implantitis. Materi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_73_25 |
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| author | Mallikarjun H. Doddamani Manish Varma Sumit Bhatt Veena Raghunath A. J. Ashmi Nirupama Vemali |
| author_facet | Mallikarjun H. Doddamani Manish Varma Sumit Bhatt Veena Raghunath A. J. Ashmi Nirupama Vemali |
| author_sort | Mallikarjun H. Doddamani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background:
Implant abutment materials play a crucial role in influencing peri-implant soft tissue integration and long-term implant success. Gingival fibroblast attachment to abutment surfaces is a key factor in establishing a stable epithelial seal and reducing the risk of peri-implantitis.
Materials and Methods:
This in vitro study analyzed the attachment of gingival fibroblasts on three commonly used implant abutment materials: titanium (Ti), zirconia (Zr), and polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Disc-shaped specimens (10 mm diameter, 2 mm thickness) of each material were prepared and polished to achieve uniform surface roughness. Gingival fibroblasts were cultured on these specimens in a controlled environment, and cell attachment was assessed using a fluorescence microscopy assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cell adhesion index (CAI) was calculated after 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey tests with a significance level of P < 0.05.
Results:
Gingival fibroblast attachment was significantly influenced by the abutment material. Titanium exhibited the highest CAI (mean ± SD: 85 ± 4.5), followed by zirconia (72 ± 3.8) and PEEK (55 ± 4.2) after 72 hours (P < 0.05). SEM analysis revealed well-spread fibroblast morphology on titanium and zirconia surfaces, whereas fibroblasts on PEEK surfaces appeared less spread and more rounded.
Conclusion:
Titanium and zirconia demonstrate superior gingival fibroblast attachment compared to PEEK, highlighting their potential in promoting soft tissue integration around dental implants. Further studies are needed to validate these findings and explore the clinical implications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-654e34ee846a4a8883a7ede0ad9b51ee |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 0976-4879 0975-7406 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-654e34ee846a4a8883a7ede0ad9b51ee2025-07-05T11:19:55ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences0976-48790975-74062025-06-0117Suppl 2S1514S151610.4103/jpbs.jpbs_73_25Comparing the Effects of Various Implant Abutment Materials on Gingival Fibroblast Attachment In VitroMallikarjun H. DoddamaniManish VarmaSumit BhattVeena RaghunathA. J. AshmiNirupama VemaliBackground: Implant abutment materials play a crucial role in influencing peri-implant soft tissue integration and long-term implant success. Gingival fibroblast attachment to abutment surfaces is a key factor in establishing a stable epithelial seal and reducing the risk of peri-implantitis. Materials and Methods: This in vitro study analyzed the attachment of gingival fibroblasts on three commonly used implant abutment materials: titanium (Ti), zirconia (Zr), and polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Disc-shaped specimens (10 mm diameter, 2 mm thickness) of each material were prepared and polished to achieve uniform surface roughness. Gingival fibroblasts were cultured on these specimens in a controlled environment, and cell attachment was assessed using a fluorescence microscopy assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cell adhesion index (CAI) was calculated after 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey tests with a significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Gingival fibroblast attachment was significantly influenced by the abutment material. Titanium exhibited the highest CAI (mean ± SD: 85 ± 4.5), followed by zirconia (72 ± 3.8) and PEEK (55 ± 4.2) after 72 hours (P < 0.05). SEM analysis revealed well-spread fibroblast morphology on titanium and zirconia surfaces, whereas fibroblasts on PEEK surfaces appeared less spread and more rounded. Conclusion: Titanium and zirconia demonstrate superior gingival fibroblast attachment compared to PEEK, highlighting their potential in promoting soft tissue integration around dental implants. Further studies are needed to validate these findings and explore the clinical implications.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_73_25cell attachmentdental implantsgingival fibroblastsimplant abutmentspeeksoft tissue integrationtitaniumzirconia |
| spellingShingle | Mallikarjun H. Doddamani Manish Varma Sumit Bhatt Veena Raghunath A. J. Ashmi Nirupama Vemali Comparing the Effects of Various Implant Abutment Materials on Gingival Fibroblast Attachment In Vitro Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences cell attachment dental implants gingival fibroblasts implant abutments peek soft tissue integration titanium zirconia |
| title | Comparing the Effects of Various Implant Abutment Materials on Gingival Fibroblast Attachment In Vitro |
| title_full | Comparing the Effects of Various Implant Abutment Materials on Gingival Fibroblast Attachment In Vitro |
| title_fullStr | Comparing the Effects of Various Implant Abutment Materials on Gingival Fibroblast Attachment In Vitro |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparing the Effects of Various Implant Abutment Materials on Gingival Fibroblast Attachment In Vitro |
| title_short | Comparing the Effects of Various Implant Abutment Materials on Gingival Fibroblast Attachment In Vitro |
| title_sort | comparing the effects of various implant abutment materials on gingival fibroblast attachment in vitro |
| topic | cell attachment dental implants gingival fibroblasts implant abutments peek soft tissue integration titanium zirconia |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_73_25 |
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