Phyto-Fabrication Tribulus terrestris Mediated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach of Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities via in vitro and in silico Studies
Background: Plant-mediated iron nanoparticles are increasingly utilized in biomedical and health applications due to their biocompatibility and nontoxicity. The therapeutic characteristics of these nanoparticles are extensively diverse....
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IMR Press
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark |
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| Online Access: | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/30/6/10.31083/FBL25164 |
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| author | Ranjani Renugopal Thirunavukkarasu Palaniyandi Barani Kumar Rajendran Senthilkumar Kaliamoorthy Maddaly Ravi Gomathy Baskar Mugip Rahaman Abdul Wahab Hemapreethi Surendran Mahalakshmi Nannan Manojkumar Govindaraj Asha Sivaji Wahidah H. Al-Qahtani Rashid Ayub |
| author_facet | Ranjani Renugopal Thirunavukkarasu Palaniyandi Barani Kumar Rajendran Senthilkumar Kaliamoorthy Maddaly Ravi Gomathy Baskar Mugip Rahaman Abdul Wahab Hemapreethi Surendran Mahalakshmi Nannan Manojkumar Govindaraj Asha Sivaji Wahidah H. Al-Qahtani Rashid Ayub |
| author_sort | Ranjani Renugopal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Plant-mediated iron nanoparticles are increasingly utilized in biomedical and health applications due to their biocompatibility and nontoxicity. The therapeutic characteristics of these nanoparticles are extensively diverse. Methods: In this study, iron nanoparticles synthesized from Tribulus terrestris were characterized using various techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Antioxidant properties were assessed using the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated through protein denaturation studies. Antimicrobial activity was tested against wound pathogens. The effects of anticancer and wound healing were investigated using HCT-116 (colon cancer) and MG-63 (osteosarcoma) cells. Molecular docking studies were performed to assess the binding affinity of Tribulus terrestris bioactive compounds with proteins involved in the Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) pathway of colon cancer. Results: The Tribulus terrestris-mediated Fe3O4 nanoparticles exhibited a peak at 290 nm using UV-visible spectroscopy. SEM and TEM analyses revealed that the nanoparticles were aggregated with an average size of 29 ± 0.24 nm. XRD analysis indicated a cubic crystalline structure. FTIR spectroscopy identified the biomolecules involved in the synthesis, and VSM confirmed a magnetic saturation of 14.75 emu/g. The antioxidant activity was demonstrated with DPPH (65.5%) and hydrogen peroxide (65.56%) assays at a dosage of 50 μg/mL, demonstrating a significant inhibition. The protein denaturation assay revealed a maximum inhibition of 54.57%. Lactobacillus had the strongest antibacterial activity at a concentration of 100 μg/mL, with an inhibitory zone of 35 mm. The anticancer assays showed IC50 values of 25.95 μg/mL for colon cancer (HCT-116) and 35.36 μg/mL for osteosarcoma (MG-63), indicating significant cytotoxicity, particularly against colon cancer cells. The nanoparticles also demonstrated effective regulation of cell migration at 50 μg/mL. Molecular docking studies revealed strong binding affinities between Tribulus terrestris compounds and APC pathway proteins relevant to colon cancer. Conclusion: This research underscores the potential of Tribulus terrestris-mediated iron nanoparticles as a sustainable and eco-friendly approach with significant antioxidant and anticancer properties, especially in combating colon cancer. The findings highlight their effectiveness in reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, and enhancing wound healing. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5da258ca7d2e460a80e4d794c7d972f1 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2768-6701 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | IMR Press |
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| series | Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark |
| spelling | doaj-art-5da258ca7d2e460a80e4d794c7d972f12025-07-07T09:22:57ZengIMR PressFrontiers in Bioscience-Landmark2768-67012025-05-013062516410.31083/FBL25164S2768-6701(24)01548-XPhyto-Fabrication Tribulus terrestris Mediated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach of Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities via in vitro and in silico StudiesRanjani Renugopal0Thirunavukkarasu Palaniyandi1Barani Kumar Rajendran2Senthilkumar Kaliamoorthy3Maddaly Ravi4Gomathy Baskar5Mugip Rahaman Abdul Wahab6Hemapreethi Surendran7Mahalakshmi Nannan8Manojkumar Govindaraj9Asha Sivaji10Wahidah H. Al-Qahtani11Rashid Ayub12Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, 600 095 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, 600 095 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaYale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USADepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, 600 095 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, 600116 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, 600 095 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, 600 095 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, 600 095 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Sciences and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203 Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, IndiaPG & Research Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Presidency College, 600005 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry, DKM College for Women, 632001 Vellore, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Food Sciences & Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Food Sciences & Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaBackground: Plant-mediated iron nanoparticles are increasingly utilized in biomedical and health applications due to their biocompatibility and nontoxicity. The therapeutic characteristics of these nanoparticles are extensively diverse. Methods: In this study, iron nanoparticles synthesized from Tribulus terrestris were characterized using various techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Antioxidant properties were assessed using the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated through protein denaturation studies. Antimicrobial activity was tested against wound pathogens. The effects of anticancer and wound healing were investigated using HCT-116 (colon cancer) and MG-63 (osteosarcoma) cells. Molecular docking studies were performed to assess the binding affinity of Tribulus terrestris bioactive compounds with proteins involved in the Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) pathway of colon cancer. Results: The Tribulus terrestris-mediated Fe3O4 nanoparticles exhibited a peak at 290 nm using UV-visible spectroscopy. SEM and TEM analyses revealed that the nanoparticles were aggregated with an average size of 29 ± 0.24 nm. XRD analysis indicated a cubic crystalline structure. FTIR spectroscopy identified the biomolecules involved in the synthesis, and VSM confirmed a magnetic saturation of 14.75 emu/g. The antioxidant activity was demonstrated with DPPH (65.5%) and hydrogen peroxide (65.56%) assays at a dosage of 50 μg/mL, demonstrating a significant inhibition. The protein denaturation assay revealed a maximum inhibition of 54.57%. Lactobacillus had the strongest antibacterial activity at a concentration of 100 μg/mL, with an inhibitory zone of 35 mm. The anticancer assays showed IC50 values of 25.95 μg/mL for colon cancer (HCT-116) and 35.36 μg/mL for osteosarcoma (MG-63), indicating significant cytotoxicity, particularly against colon cancer cells. The nanoparticles also demonstrated effective regulation of cell migration at 50 μg/mL. Molecular docking studies revealed strong binding affinities between Tribulus terrestris compounds and APC pathway proteins relevant to colon cancer. Conclusion: This research underscores the potential of Tribulus terrestris-mediated iron nanoparticles as a sustainable and eco-friendly approach with significant antioxidant and anticancer properties, especially in combating colon cancer. The findings highlight their effectiveness in reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, and enhancing wound healing.https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/30/6/10.31083/FBL25164tribulus terrestrisiron nanoparticlesantibacterialantioxidantanticancercolon cancermolecular dockingosteosarcoma |
| spellingShingle | Ranjani Renugopal Thirunavukkarasu Palaniyandi Barani Kumar Rajendran Senthilkumar Kaliamoorthy Maddaly Ravi Gomathy Baskar Mugip Rahaman Abdul Wahab Hemapreethi Surendran Mahalakshmi Nannan Manojkumar Govindaraj Asha Sivaji Wahidah H. Al-Qahtani Rashid Ayub Phyto-Fabrication Tribulus terrestris Mediated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach of Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities via in vitro and in silico Studies Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark tribulus terrestris iron nanoparticles antibacterial antioxidant anticancer colon cancer molecular docking osteosarcoma |
| title | Phyto-Fabrication Tribulus terrestris Mediated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach of Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities via in vitro and in silico Studies |
| title_full | Phyto-Fabrication Tribulus terrestris Mediated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach of Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities via in vitro and in silico Studies |
| title_fullStr | Phyto-Fabrication Tribulus terrestris Mediated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach of Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities via in vitro and in silico Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phyto-Fabrication Tribulus terrestris Mediated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach of Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities via in vitro and in silico Studies |
| title_short | Phyto-Fabrication Tribulus terrestris Mediated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach of Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities via in vitro and in silico Studies |
| title_sort | phyto fabrication tribulus terrestris mediated iron oxide nanoparticles a promising approach of antioxidant and anticancer activities via in vitro and in silico studies |
| topic | tribulus terrestris iron nanoparticles antibacterial antioxidant anticancer colon cancer molecular docking osteosarcoma |
| url | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/30/6/10.31083/FBL25164 |
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