Single Stack Active Region Nonlinear Quantum Cascade Lasers for Improved THz Emission

Single Stack Active Region Nonlinear Quantum Cascade Lasers for Improved THz Emission

We present a single stack active region design for terahertz emission by difference frequency generation in quantum cascade lasers. The active region contains a single design, which is based on multiple optical transitions within one period. This results in both a giant nonlinearity and an ultra-bro...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Frederic Demmerle, Jochen Bissinger, Wolfhard Oberhausen, Dominik Burghart, Jonas Krakofsky, Hannes Schmeiduch, Gerhard Boehm, M.-C. Amann
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2017-01-01
Series:IEEE Photonics Journal
Subjects:
Quantum cascade lasers
terahertz sources
nonlinear optical effects in semiconductors.
Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7933955/
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Summary:We present a single stack active region design for terahertz emission by difference frequency generation in quantum cascade lasers. The active region contains a single design, which is based on multiple optical transitions within one period. This results in both a giant nonlinearity and an ultra-broad optical gain. The provided optical gain spectrum is broad enough to support two distinct mid-infrared modes with a significant spectral separation. For dual-emission, the waveguide contains a buried, index-coupled distributed feedback grating. This grating is based on a sampled approach to provide selective feedback for two mid-infrared modes at &#x03BB;<sub>1</sub>&#x003D;8.39&#x00A0;<italic> &#x03BC;</italic>m and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda _{{\text{2 }}}= {\text{9.38}}\, \mu {\text{m}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Simultaneously, the manifold of possible transitions within the active region is designed to provide a peak nonlinear susceptibility of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert \chi ^{(2)}{\rm{\vert \, \,= \,\,}} {\text{29 nm}} {\text{V}}^{- 1}$</tex-math></inline-formula> at the conversion to 3.8&#x00A0;THz. The device emits up to 210-<italic>&#x03BC;</italic>W THz power at room temperature with a nonlinear conversion efficiency of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\eta ={\text{ 2.05 mW}} {\text{W}}^{- 2}$</tex-math></inline-formula>.
ISSN:1943-0655

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