Rapid Determination of Fatty Acids in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from Different Origins by Internal Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Ziziphi Spinosae Semen is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which has attracted increasing attention for its unique medicinal value and nutritional effects, and occupies a pivotal position in Chinese traditional medicine. In the clinic, it is mainly used to sedate, modulate the immune and nervo...
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Editorial Board of Journal of Chinese Mass Spectrometry Society
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Zhipu Xuebao |
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| Online Access: | https://zpxb.xml-journal.net/article/doi/10.7538/zpxb.2024.0173 |
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| author | Peng LIU Ning WANG Si-yu XIE Le-ting WANG Zhe-hao LIANG Run-chen LAI Man-man QIN |
| author_facet | Peng LIU Ning WANG Si-yu XIE Le-ting WANG Zhe-hao LIANG Run-chen LAI Man-man QIN |
| author_sort | Peng LIU |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ziziphi Spinosae Semen is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which has attracted increasing attention for its unique medicinal value and nutritional effects, and occupies a pivotal position in Chinese traditional medicine. In the clinic, it is mainly used to sedate, modulate the immune and nervous systems. In recent years, due to the increasing demand of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, numerous counterfeit and inferior products have emerged in the market, posing a significant threat to human health. Therefore, evaluation of the quality of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen is important for its safety and efficacy. Researches have indicated that the medicinal value of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen is attributed to its abundant fatty acid components. In this study, a method of internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (iEESI-MS) was established for simultaneous quantification of five fatty acids, including linoleic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acid in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from various origins. After the conditions were optimized, methanol was chosen as the extraction solvent, the temperature of the ion transport tube was set at 400 ℃, and the spray voltage was fixed at −5 kV. The flow rate of the extraction solvent was set to 10 μL/min. The analysis was carried out under negative ion mode with mass scanning of m/z 50-300. The results showed that the linear relationships of these fatty acids are good within the range of 0.01-50.00 mg/g, with the correlation coefficient (R²) exceeding 0.992. The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) are 0.01-0.08 mg/g and 0.03-0.27 mg/g, respectively. The average recoveries are 93.39%-102.53%, with the relative standard deviations (RSD, n=3) of all fatty acids below 6.05%. Principal component analysis (PCA) and heat map analysis revealed that quality differences among Ziziphi Spinosae Semen sourced from Hebei, Henan, and Shaanxi correspond to variations in their fatty acid contents. This method has the advantages of no needing sample pretreatment, high sensitivity, and high throughput, which can rapidly quantify the contents of fatty acids of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen in different sources. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-46418c47d02c4dd7bccad1de0048a122 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 1004-2997 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Editorial Board of Journal of Chinese Mass Spectrometry Society |
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| series | Zhipu Xuebao |
| spelling | doaj-art-46418c47d02c4dd7bccad1de0048a1222025-07-24T08:22:48ZengEditorial Board of Journal of Chinese Mass Spectrometry SocietyZhipu Xuebao1004-29972025-07-0146450351010.7538/zpxb.2024.01732024-173-d11Rapid Determination of Fatty Acids in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from Different Origins by Internal Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass SpectrometryPeng LIU0Ning WANG1Si-yu XIE2Le-ting WANG3Zhe-hao LIANG4Run-chen LAI5Man-man QIN6Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Malignant Tumors in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, ChinaKey Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Malignant Tumors in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, ChinaKey Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Malignant Tumors in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, ChinaKey Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Malignant Tumors in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, ChinaKey Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Malignant Tumors in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, ChinaKey Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Malignant Tumors in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, ChinaKey Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Malignant Tumors in Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, ChinaZiziphi Spinosae Semen is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which has attracted increasing attention for its unique medicinal value and nutritional effects, and occupies a pivotal position in Chinese traditional medicine. In the clinic, it is mainly used to sedate, modulate the immune and nervous systems. In recent years, due to the increasing demand of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, numerous counterfeit and inferior products have emerged in the market, posing a significant threat to human health. Therefore, evaluation of the quality of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen is important for its safety and efficacy. Researches have indicated that the medicinal value of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen is attributed to its abundant fatty acid components. In this study, a method of internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (iEESI-MS) was established for simultaneous quantification of five fatty acids, including linoleic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acid in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from various origins. After the conditions were optimized, methanol was chosen as the extraction solvent, the temperature of the ion transport tube was set at 400 ℃, and the spray voltage was fixed at −5 kV. The flow rate of the extraction solvent was set to 10 μL/min. The analysis was carried out under negative ion mode with mass scanning of m/z 50-300. The results showed that the linear relationships of these fatty acids are good within the range of 0.01-50.00 mg/g, with the correlation coefficient (R²) exceeding 0.992. The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) are 0.01-0.08 mg/g and 0.03-0.27 mg/g, respectively. The average recoveries are 93.39%-102.53%, with the relative standard deviations (RSD, n=3) of all fatty acids below 6.05%. Principal component analysis (PCA) and heat map analysis revealed that quality differences among Ziziphi Spinosae Semen sourced from Hebei, Henan, and Shaanxi correspond to variations in their fatty acid contents. This method has the advantages of no needing sample pretreatment, high sensitivity, and high throughput, which can rapidly quantify the contents of fatty acids of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen in different sources.https://zpxb.xml-journal.net/article/doi/10.7538/zpxb.2024.0173internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ieesi-ms)ziziphi spinosae semenfatty acidrapid determination |
| spellingShingle | Peng LIU Ning WANG Si-yu XIE Le-ting WANG Zhe-hao LIANG Run-chen LAI Man-man QIN Rapid Determination of Fatty Acids in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from Different Origins by Internal Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Zhipu Xuebao internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ieesi-ms) ziziphi spinosae semen fatty acid rapid determination |
| title | Rapid Determination of Fatty Acids in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from Different Origins by Internal Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry |
| title_full | Rapid Determination of Fatty Acids in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from Different Origins by Internal Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry |
| title_fullStr | Rapid Determination of Fatty Acids in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from Different Origins by Internal Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rapid Determination of Fatty Acids in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from Different Origins by Internal Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry |
| title_short | Rapid Determination of Fatty Acids in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from Different Origins by Internal Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry |
| title_sort | rapid determination of fatty acids in ziziphi spinosae semen from different origins by internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry |
| topic | internal extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ieesi-ms) ziziphi spinosae semen fatty acid rapid determination |
| url | https://zpxb.xml-journal.net/article/doi/10.7538/zpxb.2024.0173 |
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