Dermoscopy-aided diagnosis of uncommon onychauxis in a 21-year-old: A case report and review of the literature

Onychauxis, described as localized hypertrophy of the nail plate manifests as a thick, hyperkeratotic, and discolored nail. It is most commonly reported among the elderly and sometimes misdiagnosed as onychomycosis. In this case report, we present a rare occurrence of onychauxis in a 21‑year‑old mal...

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Main Authors: Grant M. Pham, Roger N. Pham
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-01-01
Series:IDCases
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214250925001623
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author Grant M. Pham
Roger N. Pham
author_facet Grant M. Pham
Roger N. Pham
author_sort Grant M. Pham
collection DOAJ
description Onychauxis, described as localized hypertrophy of the nail plate manifests as a thick, hyperkeratotic, and discolored nail. It is most commonly reported among the elderly and sometimes misdiagnosed as onychomycosis. In this case report, we present a rare occurrence of onychauxis in a 21‑year‑old male, complicated by onychocryptosis of both the medial and lateral nail folds of the left great toe and exacerbated by concurrent onychomycosis. Diagnosis was supported by dermoscopy, an increasingly utilized tool in evaluating fungal nail infections. Surgical nail avulsion followed by oral antifungal therapy resulted in improvement. This report underscores the importance of considering fungal etiologies in younger patients with severe nail dystrophy and highlights the role of dermoscopy in outpatient diagnostic workflow.
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spelling doaj-art-41cc2d06d4f04b62a4772bf5e67d4ba52025-07-04T04:46:32ZengElsevierIDCases2214-25092025-01-0141e02306Dermoscopy-aided diagnosis of uncommon onychauxis in a 21-year-old: A case report and review of the literatureGrant M. Pham0Roger N. Pham1Dermatology, ExpertDerm Fellowship, Alpine, UT, United States; Correspondence to: Dermatology, 1900 W. Pioneer Pkwy, Arlington, TX 76013, United States.Emergency Medicine, AMEC, Arlington, TX, United StatesOnychauxis, described as localized hypertrophy of the nail plate manifests as a thick, hyperkeratotic, and discolored nail. It is most commonly reported among the elderly and sometimes misdiagnosed as onychomycosis. In this case report, we present a rare occurrence of onychauxis in a 21‑year‑old male, complicated by onychocryptosis of both the medial and lateral nail folds of the left great toe and exacerbated by concurrent onychomycosis. Diagnosis was supported by dermoscopy, an increasingly utilized tool in evaluating fungal nail infections. Surgical nail avulsion followed by oral antifungal therapy resulted in improvement. This report underscores the importance of considering fungal etiologies in younger patients with severe nail dystrophy and highlights the role of dermoscopy in outpatient diagnostic workflow.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214250925001623OnychauxisOnychocryptosisOnychomycosisDermoscopyNail avulsionCase report
spellingShingle Grant M. Pham
Roger N. Pham
Dermoscopy-aided diagnosis of uncommon onychauxis in a 21-year-old: A case report and review of the literature
IDCases
Onychauxis
Onychocryptosis
Onychomycosis
Dermoscopy
Nail avulsion
Case report
title Dermoscopy-aided diagnosis of uncommon onychauxis in a 21-year-old: A case report and review of the literature
title_full Dermoscopy-aided diagnosis of uncommon onychauxis in a 21-year-old: A case report and review of the literature
title_fullStr Dermoscopy-aided diagnosis of uncommon onychauxis in a 21-year-old: A case report and review of the literature
title_full_unstemmed Dermoscopy-aided diagnosis of uncommon onychauxis in a 21-year-old: A case report and review of the literature
title_short Dermoscopy-aided diagnosis of uncommon onychauxis in a 21-year-old: A case report and review of the literature
title_sort dermoscopy aided diagnosis of uncommon onychauxis in a 21 year old a case report and review of the literature
topic Onychauxis
Onychocryptosis
Onychomycosis
Dermoscopy
Nail avulsion
Case report
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214250925001623
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