Discovery of a Novel <i>Parahenipavirus</i>, Parahenipavirus_GH, in Shrews in South Korea, 2022
Highly pathogenic henipaviruses (Nipah and Hendra viruses) and parahenipaviruses (Langya virus) have demonstrated significant zoonotic potential. We aimed to identify <i>Henipavirus</i> or <i>Parahenipavirus</i> species in rodents and shrews in South Korea to underline the po...
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2025-06-01
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| author | Gyuri Sim Chi-Hwan Choi Minji Lee Hak Seon Lee Seong Yoon Kim Seung Hun Lee Hee Il Lee Yoon-Seok Chung |
| author_facet | Gyuri Sim Chi-Hwan Choi Minji Lee Hak Seon Lee Seong Yoon Kim Seung Hun Lee Hee Il Lee Yoon-Seok Chung |
| author_sort | Gyuri Sim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Highly pathogenic henipaviruses (Nipah and Hendra viruses) and parahenipaviruses (Langya virus) have demonstrated significant zoonotic potential. We aimed to identify <i>Henipavirus</i> or <i>Parahenipavirus</i> species in rodents and shrews in South Korea to underline the potential zoonotic transmission risk. Kidney and lung tissues from 285 rodents and shrews were screened for <i>Henipavirus</i> and <i>Parahenipavirus</i> using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) targeting the Gamak virus and Daeryong virus (DARV) sequences. Based on the qRT-PCR results, 75 out of the 285 individuals tested positive, with the highest viral loads in the kidneys of <i>Apodemus agrarius</i>, <i>Crocidura lasiura</i>, and <i>Crocidura shantungensis</i>. A kidney sample from <i>C. shantungensis</i> that exhibited the lowest Ct value was further analyzed using PCR, Sanger sequencing, and metagenomic analysis, yielding a near-complete genome of a novel <i>Parahenipavirus</i>, designated Parahenipavirus_GH (PHNV-GH), which is phylogenetically related to DARV and Jingmen virus but exhibits distinct genomic features. <i>Ixodes granulatus</i> ticks were also identified on the host shrew. The identification of PHNV-GH in southern South Korea expands the known geographical distribution range of parahenipaviruses and highlights the ongoing risk of zoonotic transmission. Given the uncertain transmission dynamics and pathogenic potential of parahenipaviruses, comprehensive environmental surveillance and characterization of emerging parahenipaviruses are essential for preventing future outbreaks. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-385e9f44b6be4a43b64b2e7ed22c5c26 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj-art-385e9f44b6be4a43b64b2e7ed22c5c262025-06-25T14:31:13ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152025-06-0117686710.3390/v17060867Discovery of a Novel <i>Parahenipavirus</i>, Parahenipavirus_GH, in Shrews in South Korea, 2022Gyuri Sim0Chi-Hwan Choi1Minji Lee2Hak Seon Lee3Seong Yoon Kim4Seung Hun Lee5Hee Il Lee6Yoon-Seok Chung7Division of High-Risk Pathogens, Department of Laboratory Diagnosis and Analysis, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of KoreaDivision of High-Risk Pathogens, Department of Laboratory Diagnosis and Analysis, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of KoreaDivision of High-Risk Pathogens, Department of Laboratory Diagnosis and Analysis, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of KoreaDivision of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Diagnosis and Analysis, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of KoreaDivision of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Diagnosis and Analysis, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of KoreaDivision of High-Risk Pathogens, Department of Laboratory Diagnosis and Analysis, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of KoreaDivision of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Laboratory Diagnosis and Analysis, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of KoreaDivision of High-Risk Pathogens, Department of Laboratory Diagnosis and Analysis, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of KoreaHighly pathogenic henipaviruses (Nipah and Hendra viruses) and parahenipaviruses (Langya virus) have demonstrated significant zoonotic potential. We aimed to identify <i>Henipavirus</i> or <i>Parahenipavirus</i> species in rodents and shrews in South Korea to underline the potential zoonotic transmission risk. Kidney and lung tissues from 285 rodents and shrews were screened for <i>Henipavirus</i> and <i>Parahenipavirus</i> using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) targeting the Gamak virus and Daeryong virus (DARV) sequences. Based on the qRT-PCR results, 75 out of the 285 individuals tested positive, with the highest viral loads in the kidneys of <i>Apodemus agrarius</i>, <i>Crocidura lasiura</i>, and <i>Crocidura shantungensis</i>. A kidney sample from <i>C. shantungensis</i> that exhibited the lowest Ct value was further analyzed using PCR, Sanger sequencing, and metagenomic analysis, yielding a near-complete genome of a novel <i>Parahenipavirus</i>, designated Parahenipavirus_GH (PHNV-GH), which is phylogenetically related to DARV and Jingmen virus but exhibits distinct genomic features. <i>Ixodes granulatus</i> ticks were also identified on the host shrew. The identification of PHNV-GH in southern South Korea expands the known geographical distribution range of parahenipaviruses and highlights the ongoing risk of zoonotic transmission. Given the uncertain transmission dynamics and pathogenic potential of parahenipaviruses, comprehensive environmental surveillance and characterization of emerging parahenipaviruses are essential for preventing future outbreaks.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/6/867<i>Parahenipavirus</i>shrewzoonotic<i>Henipavirus</i><i>Paramyxoviridae</i> |
| spellingShingle | Gyuri Sim Chi-Hwan Choi Minji Lee Hak Seon Lee Seong Yoon Kim Seung Hun Lee Hee Il Lee Yoon-Seok Chung Discovery of a Novel <i>Parahenipavirus</i>, Parahenipavirus_GH, in Shrews in South Korea, 2022 Viruses <i>Parahenipavirus</i> shrew zoonotic <i>Henipavirus</i> <i>Paramyxoviridae</i> |
| title | Discovery of a Novel <i>Parahenipavirus</i>, Parahenipavirus_GH, in Shrews in South Korea, 2022 |
| title_full | Discovery of a Novel <i>Parahenipavirus</i>, Parahenipavirus_GH, in Shrews in South Korea, 2022 |
| title_fullStr | Discovery of a Novel <i>Parahenipavirus</i>, Parahenipavirus_GH, in Shrews in South Korea, 2022 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Discovery of a Novel <i>Parahenipavirus</i>, Parahenipavirus_GH, in Shrews in South Korea, 2022 |
| title_short | Discovery of a Novel <i>Parahenipavirus</i>, Parahenipavirus_GH, in Shrews in South Korea, 2022 |
| title_sort | discovery of a novel i parahenipavirus i parahenipavirus gh in shrews in south korea 2022 |
| topic | <i>Parahenipavirus</i> shrew zoonotic <i>Henipavirus</i> <i>Paramyxoviridae</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/6/867 |
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