Applications of Hydrogenous Species for Initiation of Carbon Monoxide/Air Premixed Flame
Carbon monoxide (CO) is classified as a simple fuel that contains one carbon and one oxygen atom. The oxidation of CO with an oxidizer is relatively unusual, with the oxidation of CO having a slow reaction time. The addition of a small amount of “hydrogenous” species, such as H<sub>2</sub&g...
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2025-06-01
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| author | Annas Fauzy Guan-Bang Chen Ta-Hui Lin |
| author_facet | Annas Fauzy Guan-Bang Chen Ta-Hui Lin |
| author_sort | Annas Fauzy |
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| description | Carbon monoxide (CO) is classified as a simple fuel that contains one carbon and one oxygen atom. The oxidation of CO with an oxidizer is relatively unusual, with the oxidation of CO having a slow reaction time. The addition of a small amount of “hydrogenous” species, such as H<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>O, and CH<sub>4</sub>, will substantially increase the reaction time. This study numerically investigated and compared the effects of different hydrogenous species addition on the premixed CO/air flames, which act as the initiation of a CO/air flame, on the adiabatic flame temperature, laminar flame speed, and heat release rates at standard conditions (298 K and 1 atm pressure) using San Diego Mechanism. The results showed that the addition of critical hydrogenous species distinguished the difference between dry and wet CO/air oxidation, in which different hydrogenous species have an identical critical value. Adding different hydrogenous species and different addition ratios has an indistinguishable adiabatic flame temperature, while adding CH<sub>4</sub> has a higher laminar flame speed distribution compared with H<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O addition, respectively. Furthermore, the laminar flame speed positively correlates with the net heat release rate, which adding CH<sub>4</sub> has a noticeable increase on the net heat release rate. Adding more hydrogenous species makes the reactant more reactive and moves the reaction zone upstream. Finally, the dominant reactions to the heat release rate are identical in different hydrogenous species addition, where R23: CO + O (+M) ⇌ CO<sub>2</sub> (+M) becomes the most contributed reaction. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-341ba09d81164f45bafcf9292b7f0d2c2025-06-25T13:45:14ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-06-011812300310.3390/en18123003Applications of Hydrogenous Species for Initiation of Carbon Monoxide/Air Premixed FlameAnnas Fauzy0Guan-Bang Chen1Ta-Hui Lin2Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, TaiwanDepartment of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, TaiwanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, TaiwanCarbon monoxide (CO) is classified as a simple fuel that contains one carbon and one oxygen atom. The oxidation of CO with an oxidizer is relatively unusual, with the oxidation of CO having a slow reaction time. The addition of a small amount of “hydrogenous” species, such as H<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>O, and CH<sub>4</sub>, will substantially increase the reaction time. This study numerically investigated and compared the effects of different hydrogenous species addition on the premixed CO/air flames, which act as the initiation of a CO/air flame, on the adiabatic flame temperature, laminar flame speed, and heat release rates at standard conditions (298 K and 1 atm pressure) using San Diego Mechanism. The results showed that the addition of critical hydrogenous species distinguished the difference between dry and wet CO/air oxidation, in which different hydrogenous species have an identical critical value. Adding different hydrogenous species and different addition ratios has an indistinguishable adiabatic flame temperature, while adding CH<sub>4</sub> has a higher laminar flame speed distribution compared with H<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O addition, respectively. Furthermore, the laminar flame speed positively correlates with the net heat release rate, which adding CH<sub>4</sub> has a noticeable increase on the net heat release rate. Adding more hydrogenous species makes the reactant more reactive and moves the reaction zone upstream. Finally, the dominant reactions to the heat release rate are identical in different hydrogenous species addition, where R23: CO + O (+M) ⇌ CO<sub>2</sub> (+M) becomes the most contributed reaction.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/12/3003carbon monoxidepremixed combustionhydrogenous speciesnumerical simulationlaminar flame speed |
| spellingShingle | Annas Fauzy Guan-Bang Chen Ta-Hui Lin Applications of Hydrogenous Species for Initiation of Carbon Monoxide/Air Premixed Flame Energies carbon monoxide premixed combustion hydrogenous species numerical simulation laminar flame speed |
| title | Applications of Hydrogenous Species for Initiation of Carbon Monoxide/Air Premixed Flame |
| title_full | Applications of Hydrogenous Species for Initiation of Carbon Monoxide/Air Premixed Flame |
| title_fullStr | Applications of Hydrogenous Species for Initiation of Carbon Monoxide/Air Premixed Flame |
| title_full_unstemmed | Applications of Hydrogenous Species for Initiation of Carbon Monoxide/Air Premixed Flame |
| title_short | Applications of Hydrogenous Species for Initiation of Carbon Monoxide/Air Premixed Flame |
| title_sort | applications of hydrogenous species for initiation of carbon monoxide air premixed flame |
| topic | carbon monoxide premixed combustion hydrogenous species numerical simulation laminar flame speed |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/12/3003 |
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