Enzymes and Their Forms Used in Detection of Organophosphorus Compounds
Еnzymes are able to effectively interact with various organophosphorus compounds (OPC), entering into (bio)chemical reactions with them. Changes in the initial activity of enzymes as a result of their inhibition by OPC, the formation of OPC degradation products under the action of hydrolytic enzymes...
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27 Scientific Centre named after academician N.D. Zelinsky
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Вестник войск РХБ защиты |
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| Online Access: | https://www.nbsprot.ru/jour/article/view/52 |
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| author | I. V. Lyagin E. N. Efremenko |
| author_facet | I. V. Lyagin E. N. Efremenko |
| author_sort | I. V. Lyagin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Еnzymes are able to effectively interact with various organophosphorus compounds (OPC), entering into (bio)chemical reactions with them. Changes in the initial activity of enzymes as a result of their inhibition by OPC, the formation of OPC degradation products under the action of hydrolytic enzymes, etc. can be determined using different physical and chemical methods and used in bioanalytic systems to determine the concentrations of OPC. The purpose of the review is to analyze the main scientific results achieved over the past 10 years in the development of analytical systems based on enzymes intended for the determination of OPC. It is shown in the article, that the requirements for the sensitivity of biosensors are based on the norms of the content of the analyzed substances detected in/at the objects of mandatory control. The cholinesterases compose a basis for the development of the largest number of ultra-sensitive biosensors, although other enzymes can be successfully used as a biosensitive element. The most technologically advanced solution that is close to the practical implementation seems to be bioanalytical systems using immobilized enzymes. Improving the detection limits of the OPC can be achieved by using nanoobjects together with modern methods of signal transducers, for example, with nanomechanical detectors and signal converters. This combination of technical solutions ensures the sensitivity of the OPC analysis up to pg/l. At present, «reagentless» systems have received significant development, which have become the basis for the production of a large number of commercially available strips for the express determination of OPC. Modern demands stimulate the rapid development of portable and, especially, wearable biosensors that can be attached to various surfaces, including a clothing. The progress in the development of affine amino acid sequences, in the future, will allow the creation of enzyme biosensors on any surface. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-335a3b1ed44a45c7b51f1312cfadced7 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2587-5728 |
| language | Russian |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | 27 Scientific Centre named after academician N.D. Zelinsky |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Вестник войск РХБ защиты |
| spelling | doaj-art-335a3b1ed44a45c7b51f1312cfadced72025-08-04T17:23:42Zrus27 Scientific Centre named after academician N.D. ZelinskyВестник войск РХБ защиты2587-57282021-06-0151224110.35825/2587-5728-2021-5-1-22-4150Enzymes and Their Forms Used in Detection of Organophosphorus CompoundsI. V. Lyagin0E. N. Efremenko1Lomonosov Moscow State University, Сhemistry FacultyLomonosov Moscow State University, Сhemistry FacultyЕnzymes are able to effectively interact with various organophosphorus compounds (OPC), entering into (bio)chemical reactions with them. Changes in the initial activity of enzymes as a result of their inhibition by OPC, the formation of OPC degradation products under the action of hydrolytic enzymes, etc. can be determined using different physical and chemical methods and used in bioanalytic systems to determine the concentrations of OPC. The purpose of the review is to analyze the main scientific results achieved over the past 10 years in the development of analytical systems based on enzymes intended for the determination of OPC. It is shown in the article, that the requirements for the sensitivity of biosensors are based on the norms of the content of the analyzed substances detected in/at the objects of mandatory control. The cholinesterases compose a basis for the development of the largest number of ultra-sensitive biosensors, although other enzymes can be successfully used as a biosensitive element. The most technologically advanced solution that is close to the practical implementation seems to be bioanalytical systems using immobilized enzymes. Improving the detection limits of the OPC can be achieved by using nanoobjects together with modern methods of signal transducers, for example, with nanomechanical detectors and signal converters. This combination of technical solutions ensures the sensitivity of the OPC analysis up to pg/l. At present, «reagentless» systems have received significant development, which have become the basis for the production of a large number of commercially available strips for the express determination of OPC. Modern demands stimulate the rapid development of portable and, especially, wearable biosensors that can be attached to various surfaces, including a clothing. The progress in the development of affine amino acid sequences, in the future, will allow the creation of enzyme biosensors on any surface.https://www.nbsprot.ru/jour/article/view/52acetylcholinesterasebiosensitive elementbutyrylcholinesterasepesticideshydrolysisimmobilizationinhibitionmutagenicityneurotoxicityoncogenicityorganophosphate hydrolaseenzymeorganophosphorus compoundsassay sensitivity |
| spellingShingle | I. V. Lyagin E. N. Efremenko Enzymes and Their Forms Used in Detection of Organophosphorus Compounds Вестник войск РХБ защиты acetylcholinesterase biosensitive element butyrylcholinesterase pesticides hydrolysis immobilization inhibition mutagenicity neurotoxicity oncogenicity organophosphate hydrolase enzyme organophosphorus compounds assay sensitivity |
| title | Enzymes and Their Forms Used in Detection of Organophosphorus Compounds |
| title_full | Enzymes and Their Forms Used in Detection of Organophosphorus Compounds |
| title_fullStr | Enzymes and Their Forms Used in Detection of Organophosphorus Compounds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enzymes and Their Forms Used in Detection of Organophosphorus Compounds |
| title_short | Enzymes and Their Forms Used in Detection of Organophosphorus Compounds |
| title_sort | enzymes and their forms used in detection of organophosphorus compounds |
| topic | acetylcholinesterase biosensitive element butyrylcholinesterase pesticides hydrolysis immobilization inhibition mutagenicity neurotoxicity oncogenicity organophosphate hydrolase enzyme organophosphorus compounds assay sensitivity |
| url | https://www.nbsprot.ru/jour/article/view/52 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ivlyagin enzymesandtheirformsusedindetectionoforganophosphoruscompounds AT enefremenko enzymesandtheirformsusedindetectionoforganophosphoruscompounds |