Association of Alzheimer's Disease Blood Biomarkers With Sarcopenia Incidence and Progression: A 12‐Year Population‐Based Study
ABSTRACT Background Sarcopenia is a complex and multifactorial condition, and recent studies have explored the role of neurological markers in its diagnosis and prediction. Although associations have been identified between reduced muscle strength, slow walking speed and elevated neurofilament level...
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Wiley
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13835 |
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| author | Chiara Ceolin Caterina Gregorio Alice Margherita Ornago Giulia Grande Martina Valletta Caterina Trevisan Adrián Carballo Casla Giuseppe Sergi Amaia Calderón‐Larrañaga Davide Liborio Vetrano |
| author_facet | Chiara Ceolin Caterina Gregorio Alice Margherita Ornago Giulia Grande Martina Valletta Caterina Trevisan Adrián Carballo Casla Giuseppe Sergi Amaia Calderón‐Larrañaga Davide Liborio Vetrano |
| author_sort | Chiara Ceolin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Background Sarcopenia is a complex and multifactorial condition, and recent studies have explored the role of neurological markers in its diagnosis and prediction. Although associations have been identified between reduced muscle strength, slow walking speed and elevated neurofilament levels (NfL), long‐term evidence and sex‐based differences in muscle health and sarcopenia remain underexplored. This study investigates the relationship between baseline blood biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and long‐term sarcopenia trajectories in a Swedish cohort of older adults, while also examining potential sex‐based differences. Methods The study analysed 2291 participants aged ≥ 60 years (61.5% females) over a 12‐year follow‐up, classifying sarcopenia into three stages (no, probable and confirmed sarcopenia) using modified EWGSOP2 criteria. Muscle strength was assessed via handgrip or chair stand tests and muscle mass via calf circumference. Baseline data on AD biomarkers were collected. Latent class mixed models identified two sarcopenia trajectories: one with early progression accelerating around age 70 years and another with later progression accelerating after age 80 years, observed in both sexes. Regression analyses examined the associations between AD biomarkers, sarcopenia progression speed and incidence. Results Probable and confirmed sarcopenia were more prevalent in females (28.2% vs. 14.1% and 7.6% vs. 6.1%, respectively; p < 0.001). All AD biomarkers showed significantly different distributions across the three sarcopenia stages. Analysis revealed that only p‐tau181 (OR 1.24 [1.09; 1.42], p = 0.002) and NfL (OR 1.56 [1.30; 1.91], p < 0.001) were independently associated with worse sarcopenia trajectories. These associations remained significant in individuals over 78 years (p‐tau181: OR 1.32 [1.11; 1.59], p = 0.003; NfL: OR 1.77 [1.40; 2.28], p < 0.001) and in males (p‐tau181: OR 1.39 [1.14; 1.73], p = 0.003; NfL: OR 1.38 [1.11; 1.82], p < 0.001). In females, only NfL remained significantly associated. NfL was significantly linked to sarcopenia development (HR 1.20 [1.10; 1.30], p < 0.001), with similar findings for females (HR 1.40 [1.20; 1.63], p < 0.001) and older individuals (HR 1.35 [1.15; 1.58], p < 0.001). Notably, both NfL and p‐tau181 were significantly associated with sarcopenia incidence in younger participants (< 78 years) and in males, independent of dietary patterns. Conclusions Our study, unique for its long follow‐up duration, explores the relationship between sarcopenia and neurodegeneration biomarkers, highlighting the role of p‐tau181 and NfL in the progression of the condition. These biomarkers could potentially serve as indicators for the early detection of sarcopenia, particularly in older adults and males, offering insights that may contribute to personalized screening and targeted interventions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-32e6b45a15d145dcb0694587f082ecdd |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2190-5991 2190-6009 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle |
| spelling | doaj-art-32e6b45a15d145dcb0694587f082ecdd2025-06-25T10:14:52ZengWileyJournal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle2190-59912190-60092025-06-01163n/an/a10.1002/jcsm.13835Association of Alzheimer's Disease Blood Biomarkers With Sarcopenia Incidence and Progression: A 12‐Year Population‐Based StudyChiara Ceolin0Caterina Gregorio1Alice Margherita Ornago2Giulia Grande3Martina Valletta4Caterina Trevisan5Adrián Carballo Casla6Giuseppe Sergi7Amaia Calderón‐Larrañaga8Davide Liborio Vetrano9Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Aging Research Center Stockholm SwedenDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Aging Research Center Stockholm SwedenDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Aging Research Center Stockholm SwedenDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Aging Research Center Stockholm SwedenDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Aging Research Center Stockholm SwedenDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Aging Research Center Stockholm SwedenDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Aging Research Center Stockholm SwedenGeriatrics Division, Department of Medicine (DIMED) University of Padua Padua ItalyDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Aging Research Center Stockholm SwedenDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Aging Research Center Stockholm SwedenABSTRACT Background Sarcopenia is a complex and multifactorial condition, and recent studies have explored the role of neurological markers in its diagnosis and prediction. Although associations have been identified between reduced muscle strength, slow walking speed and elevated neurofilament levels (NfL), long‐term evidence and sex‐based differences in muscle health and sarcopenia remain underexplored. This study investigates the relationship between baseline blood biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and long‐term sarcopenia trajectories in a Swedish cohort of older adults, while also examining potential sex‐based differences. Methods The study analysed 2291 participants aged ≥ 60 years (61.5% females) over a 12‐year follow‐up, classifying sarcopenia into three stages (no, probable and confirmed sarcopenia) using modified EWGSOP2 criteria. Muscle strength was assessed via handgrip or chair stand tests and muscle mass via calf circumference. Baseline data on AD biomarkers were collected. Latent class mixed models identified two sarcopenia trajectories: one with early progression accelerating around age 70 years and another with later progression accelerating after age 80 years, observed in both sexes. Regression analyses examined the associations between AD biomarkers, sarcopenia progression speed and incidence. Results Probable and confirmed sarcopenia were more prevalent in females (28.2% vs. 14.1% and 7.6% vs. 6.1%, respectively; p < 0.001). All AD biomarkers showed significantly different distributions across the three sarcopenia stages. Analysis revealed that only p‐tau181 (OR 1.24 [1.09; 1.42], p = 0.002) and NfL (OR 1.56 [1.30; 1.91], p < 0.001) were independently associated with worse sarcopenia trajectories. These associations remained significant in individuals over 78 years (p‐tau181: OR 1.32 [1.11; 1.59], p = 0.003; NfL: OR 1.77 [1.40; 2.28], p < 0.001) and in males (p‐tau181: OR 1.39 [1.14; 1.73], p = 0.003; NfL: OR 1.38 [1.11; 1.82], p < 0.001). In females, only NfL remained significantly associated. NfL was significantly linked to sarcopenia development (HR 1.20 [1.10; 1.30], p < 0.001), with similar findings for females (HR 1.40 [1.20; 1.63], p < 0.001) and older individuals (HR 1.35 [1.15; 1.58], p < 0.001). Notably, both NfL and p‐tau181 were significantly associated with sarcopenia incidence in younger participants (< 78 years) and in males, independent of dietary patterns. Conclusions Our study, unique for its long follow‐up duration, explores the relationship between sarcopenia and neurodegeneration biomarkers, highlighting the role of p‐tau181 and NfL in the progression of the condition. These biomarkers could potentially serve as indicators for the early detection of sarcopenia, particularly in older adults and males, offering insights that may contribute to personalized screening and targeted interventions.https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13835Alzheimer diseaseblood biomarkersneurodegenerationolder adultsprotein intakesarcopenia |
| spellingShingle | Chiara Ceolin Caterina Gregorio Alice Margherita Ornago Giulia Grande Martina Valletta Caterina Trevisan Adrián Carballo Casla Giuseppe Sergi Amaia Calderón‐Larrañaga Davide Liborio Vetrano Association of Alzheimer's Disease Blood Biomarkers With Sarcopenia Incidence and Progression: A 12‐Year Population‐Based Study Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle Alzheimer disease blood biomarkers neurodegeneration older adults protein intake sarcopenia |
| title | Association of Alzheimer's Disease Blood Biomarkers With Sarcopenia Incidence and Progression: A 12‐Year Population‐Based Study |
| title_full | Association of Alzheimer's Disease Blood Biomarkers With Sarcopenia Incidence and Progression: A 12‐Year Population‐Based Study |
| title_fullStr | Association of Alzheimer's Disease Blood Biomarkers With Sarcopenia Incidence and Progression: A 12‐Year Population‐Based Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of Alzheimer's Disease Blood Biomarkers With Sarcopenia Incidence and Progression: A 12‐Year Population‐Based Study |
| title_short | Association of Alzheimer's Disease Blood Biomarkers With Sarcopenia Incidence and Progression: A 12‐Year Population‐Based Study |
| title_sort | association of alzheimer s disease blood biomarkers with sarcopenia incidence and progression a 12 year population based study |
| topic | Alzheimer disease blood biomarkers neurodegeneration older adults protein intake sarcopenia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13835 |
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