The Impact of the Built Environment on Resident Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Multidimensional Life Satisfaction
Well-being is an important goal pursued by humans, and the living environment has a profound impact on various aspects of human health. The objective of this study is to explore the mechanism by which the built environment affects the well-being of residents, specifically how multiple, distinct doma...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Buildings |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/13/2242 |
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| Summary: | Well-being is an important goal pursued by humans, and the living environment has a profound impact on various aspects of human health. The objective of this study is to explore the mechanism by which the built environment affects the well-being of residents, specifically how multiple, distinct domains of life satisfaction mediate the effects of diverse built environment features on well-being—a nuanced pathway not yet comprehensively examined. Based on questionnaire data collected from 22 statistical districts in Macau, with a sample size of 1313 individuals, a multilevel linear regression model and mediation analysis were applied (model R<sup>2</sup> ≈ 47%). When leisure satisfaction is used as a mediator variable alone, the explanatory power of the original model increases the most (from 7.6% to 32%). Complete Mediation via Specific Domains: Health satisfaction fully mediated the effects of intersection density (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and bus stop accessibility (<i>p</i> < 0.05). All four satisfaction domains collectively fully mediated income diversity (Shannon index, <i>p</i> < 0.01). The 14 built environment metrics (5 socioeconomic, 9 morphological) exhibited differential mediation mechanisms: while transportation-related metrics (intersection density, bus stops) primarily operated through health/social satisfaction, diversity indices (income, education, land use) and unemployment rate engaged all satisfaction domains. Some variables showed partial mediation through various satisfaction pathways (<i>p</i> < 0.01–0.05). These findings underscore the necessity of considering multidimensional life satisfaction as critical pathways in urban well-being research and policy. |
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| ISSN: | 2075-5309 |