Povaha ľudskej spolupráce a význam altruistického trestania: Ako sa ľudia správajú v laboratóriu a v teréne?
There is an increasing interest of behavioral economists in the last decades in studying the nature of human cooperation and morality. Several economic games of social dilemmas have been developed to this end. Based on the results of these games, important conclusions are made about human coop...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | Czech |
| Published: |
University of West Bohemia, Pilsen
2014-03-01
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| Series: | AntropoWebzin |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.antropoweb.cz/webzin/index.php/webzin/article/view/184/188 |
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| Summary: | There is an increasing interest of behavioral
economists in the last decades in studying
the nature of human cooperation and morality.
Several economic games of social dilemmas
have been developed to this end. Based on the
results of these games, important conclusions are
made about human cooperation. Since people in
these games all over the world do not behave completely
selfishly and give away money, it is taken
as demonstrating other important motivations.
When people are given the opportunity to punish
free-riders, this increases cooperation, which is
again interpreted in the sense of altruistic punishment
(strong reciprocity) that is considered a key
factor in sustaining cooperation. However, these
results are in contrast with the anthropological
literature on hunter-gatherers’ cooperation,
which highlights other important factors sustaining
cooperation, such as the possibility to choose
partners, and symbolic and coalitional sanctions
(weak reciprocity). The aim of the research is to
critically analyze these contrasts and illustrate
some aspects of cooperation (conflict resolution,
dealing with cheaters, and the role of reputation)
from the author’s own research of mutual aid
among peasants in Serbia. |
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| ISSN: | 1801-8807 |