Mechanistic insights into Nrf2-driven pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting in spinal cord injury
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic disease of the central nervous system that can result in significant tissue damage and neurological dysfunction. The pathophysiological process of SCI encompasses both primary and secondary injuries, involving various pathological mechanisms such as oxidative...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1574834/full |
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| author | Tao Xie Tao Xie Jiyu Xu Xinyu Liu Yaquan Yu Yang Lu Tao Wang Feng Gao Hui Yuan Hui Yuan |
| author_facet | Tao Xie Tao Xie Jiyu Xu Xinyu Liu Yaquan Yu Yang Lu Tao Wang Feng Gao Hui Yuan Hui Yuan |
| author_sort | Tao Xie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic disease of the central nervous system that can result in significant tissue damage and neurological dysfunction. The pathophysiological process of SCI encompasses both primary and secondary injuries, involving various pathological mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, ferroptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a neuroprotective transcription factor intricately linked to these pathological processes. Upon exposure to external stimuli, Nrf2 undergoes increased nuclear transcription, regulating the expression of various antioxidant genes and directly modulating genes associated with the aforementioned pathological mechanisms to counteract the resultant alterations. Substantial evidence suggests that Nrf2 may be a potential therapeutic target for SCI. Activation of the Nrf2-related signaling pathway effectively inhibits neuronal death following SCI and promotes the recovery of multiple neurological functions. This review provides an overview of recent research on SCI, examines the physiological roles and mechanisms of Nrf2 in SCI, and explores therapeutic strategies targeting this signaling pathway, including non-coding RNAs, natural and synthetic compounds, and other treatments for SCI. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1e9b637a21b8457aad1666c1e17b6e09 |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-1e9b637a21b8457aad1666c1e17b6e092025-07-10T05:30:00ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-07-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15748341574834Mechanistic insights into Nrf2-driven pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting in spinal cord injuryTao Xie0Tao Xie1Jiyu Xu2Xinyu Liu3Yaquan Yu4Yang Lu5Tao Wang6Feng Gao7Hui Yuan8Hui Yuan9School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, ChinaSchool of Clinical Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, ChinaSchool of Medical Imaging, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, ChinaSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Yang Zhou Hong Quan Hospital, Yang Zhou, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Mudanjiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Mudanjiang, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Mudanjiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Mudanjiang, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Mudanjiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Mudanjiang, ChinaSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, ChinaSchool of Stomatology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, ChinaSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic disease of the central nervous system that can result in significant tissue damage and neurological dysfunction. The pathophysiological process of SCI encompasses both primary and secondary injuries, involving various pathological mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, ferroptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a neuroprotective transcription factor intricately linked to these pathological processes. Upon exposure to external stimuli, Nrf2 undergoes increased nuclear transcription, regulating the expression of various antioxidant genes and directly modulating genes associated with the aforementioned pathological mechanisms to counteract the resultant alterations. Substantial evidence suggests that Nrf2 may be a potential therapeutic target for SCI. Activation of the Nrf2-related signaling pathway effectively inhibits neuronal death following SCI and promotes the recovery of multiple neurological functions. This review provides an overview of recent research on SCI, examines the physiological roles and mechanisms of Nrf2 in SCI, and explores therapeutic strategies targeting this signaling pathway, including non-coding RNAs, natural and synthetic compounds, and other treatments for SCI.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1574834/fullspinal cord injuryNrf2oxidative stressinflammationferroptosis |
| spellingShingle | Tao Xie Tao Xie Jiyu Xu Xinyu Liu Yaquan Yu Yang Lu Tao Wang Feng Gao Hui Yuan Hui Yuan Mechanistic insights into Nrf2-driven pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting in spinal cord injury Frontiers in Immunology spinal cord injury Nrf2 oxidative stress inflammation ferroptosis |
| title | Mechanistic insights into Nrf2-driven pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting in spinal cord injury |
| title_full | Mechanistic insights into Nrf2-driven pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting in spinal cord injury |
| title_fullStr | Mechanistic insights into Nrf2-driven pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting in spinal cord injury |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanistic insights into Nrf2-driven pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting in spinal cord injury |
| title_short | Mechanistic insights into Nrf2-driven pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting in spinal cord injury |
| title_sort | mechanistic insights into nrf2 driven pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting in spinal cord injury |
| topic | spinal cord injury Nrf2 oxidative stress inflammation ferroptosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1574834/full |
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