Circulating MicroRNAs Associated with Changes in the Placenta and Their Possible Role in the Fetus During Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Review
MicroRNAs (miRs) are epigenetic regulators of several metabolic diseases, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Objectives: Following a systematic review, we propose a pattern of key circulating miRs associated with placental changes and their potential role in the fetus. Methods: A systema...
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2025-06-01
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| author | Ninna Leslie Trejo-Gonzalez Martin Palomar-Morales Luis Arturo Baiza-Gutman Guadalupe Diaz-Rosas Clara Ortega-Camarillo Alejandra Contreras-Ramos |
| author_facet | Ninna Leslie Trejo-Gonzalez Martin Palomar-Morales Luis Arturo Baiza-Gutman Guadalupe Diaz-Rosas Clara Ortega-Camarillo Alejandra Contreras-Ramos |
| author_sort | Ninna Leslie Trejo-Gonzalez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | MicroRNAs (miRs) are epigenetic regulators of several metabolic diseases, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Objectives: Following a systematic review, we propose a pattern of key circulating miRs associated with placental changes and their potential role in the fetus. Methods: A systematic investigation of studies published between January 2011 and July 2024 was conducted in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Trip Database, and Wiley databases. A total of 90 articles were analyzed. Results: Two hundred twenty-six circulating microRNAs were identified in women with GDM, and fifty miRs were validated by PCR, with miRs-16-5p, -29a-5p, and -195-5p being the most frequently reported. Interestingly, miR-16-5p was also expressed in the placenta but not in umbilical cord blood or amniotic fluid. Conversely, miR-126-3p was expressed in circulation, the placenta, umbilical cord blood, and amniotic fluid. Several reports describe high expression levels of miR-518d in maternal circulation, umbilical cord blood, and placenta. Controversial results regarding the expression of miR-29a-3p, -137, and -148a-3p were identified when comparing umbilical cord blood and the placenta. Conclusions: In silico analyses suggest that the miR-29 family, as well as miRs-16-5p, -126-3p, -195-5p, and -518b, may be involved in alterations in the heart, brain, and kidneys in the embryo when exposed to a hyperglycemic environment. |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj-art-1b33c15a3a28441bb9bf0dd5dbce9ad62025-06-25T14:10:24ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892025-06-0115636710.3390/metabo15060367Circulating MicroRNAs Associated with Changes in the Placenta and Their Possible Role in the Fetus During Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A ReviewNinna Leslie Trejo-Gonzalez0Martin Palomar-Morales1Luis Arturo Baiza-Gutman2Guadalupe Diaz-Rosas3Clara Ortega-Camarillo4Alejandra Contreras-Ramos5Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City C.P. 04510, MexicoDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City C.P. 54090, MexicoLaboratory of Developmental Biology, Morphology and Function Unit, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City C.P. 54090, MexicoMolecular Biology Research Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez (HIMFG), Mexico City C.P. 06720, MexicoMedical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Center SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City C.P. 06720, MexicoMolecular Biology Research Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez (HIMFG), Mexico City C.P. 06720, MexicoMicroRNAs (miRs) are epigenetic regulators of several metabolic diseases, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Objectives: Following a systematic review, we propose a pattern of key circulating miRs associated with placental changes and their potential role in the fetus. Methods: A systematic investigation of studies published between January 2011 and July 2024 was conducted in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Trip Database, and Wiley databases. A total of 90 articles were analyzed. Results: Two hundred twenty-six circulating microRNAs were identified in women with GDM, and fifty miRs were validated by PCR, with miRs-16-5p, -29a-5p, and -195-5p being the most frequently reported. Interestingly, miR-16-5p was also expressed in the placenta but not in umbilical cord blood or amniotic fluid. Conversely, miR-126-3p was expressed in circulation, the placenta, umbilical cord blood, and amniotic fluid. Several reports describe high expression levels of miR-518d in maternal circulation, umbilical cord blood, and placenta. Controversial results regarding the expression of miR-29a-3p, -137, and -148a-3p were identified when comparing umbilical cord blood and the placenta. Conclusions: In silico analyses suggest that the miR-29 family, as well as miRs-16-5p, -126-3p, -195-5p, and -518b, may be involved in alterations in the heart, brain, and kidneys in the embryo when exposed to a hyperglycemic environment.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/6/367gestational diabetesmaternal circulationmiRNAsplacentaamniotic fluidumbilical cord blood |
| spellingShingle | Ninna Leslie Trejo-Gonzalez Martin Palomar-Morales Luis Arturo Baiza-Gutman Guadalupe Diaz-Rosas Clara Ortega-Camarillo Alejandra Contreras-Ramos Circulating MicroRNAs Associated with Changes in the Placenta and Their Possible Role in the Fetus During Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Review Metabolites gestational diabetes maternal circulation miRNAs placenta amniotic fluid umbilical cord blood |
| title | Circulating MicroRNAs Associated with Changes in the Placenta and Their Possible Role in the Fetus During Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Review |
| title_full | Circulating MicroRNAs Associated with Changes in the Placenta and Their Possible Role in the Fetus During Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Circulating MicroRNAs Associated with Changes in the Placenta and Their Possible Role in the Fetus During Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Circulating MicroRNAs Associated with Changes in the Placenta and Their Possible Role in the Fetus During Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Review |
| title_short | Circulating MicroRNAs Associated with Changes in the Placenta and Their Possible Role in the Fetus During Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Review |
| title_sort | circulating micrornas associated with changes in the placenta and their possible role in the fetus during gestational diabetes mellitus a review |
| topic | gestational diabetes maternal circulation miRNAs placenta amniotic fluid umbilical cord blood |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/6/367 |
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