Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of <i>Aspartic proteases</i> in <i>Populus euphratica</i> Reveals Candidates Involved in Salt Tolerance
Aspartic proteases (APs) are among the four primary families of proteolytic enzymes found in plants, and they are essential for both stress response mechanisms and developmental activities. While the <i>AP</i> gene family has been studied in model plants like <i>Arabidopsis</i&g...
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2025-06-01
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| author | Peiyang He Lifan Huang Hanyang Cai |
| author_facet | Peiyang He Lifan Huang Hanyang Cai |
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| description | Aspartic proteases (APs) are among the four primary families of proteolytic enzymes found in plants, and they are essential for both stress response mechanisms and developmental activities. While the <i>AP</i> gene family has been studied in model plants like <i>Arabidopsis</i>, its characterization in woody species-particularly in extremophytes like <i>Populus euphratica</i>, remains limited. Moreover, the potential involvement of <i>APs</i> in salt tolerance mechanisms in trees is yet to be explored. In this research, 55 <i>Pe</i>APs were discovered and categorized into three distinct classes based on their conserved protein structures. The phylogenetic analysis revealed potential functions of <i>AP</i> genes derived from <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, <i>V. vinifera</i>, and <i>P. euphratica</i>. Our findings indicate that <i>PeAP</i> possesses a well-conserved evolutionary background and contains numerous highly variable regions, making it an excellent candidate for the identification and systematic examination of woody trees. Additionally, motifs frequently found in aspartic proteases within the genome of <i>P. euphratica</i> may be linked to functional <i>PeAP</i>s. It appears that <i>PeAPs</i> are associated with specific gene functions. These genes are influenced by cis-elements, which may play a role in their responsiveness to phytohormone, stress adaptation maybe changed to these genes are regulated by cis-elements that may mediate their responsiveness to phytohormones, abiotic stress, and developmental cues. Our research offers the initial comprehensive analysis of the <i>AP</i> family in <i>P. euphratica</i>, emphasizing its potential functions in adapting to salt conditions. The findings uncover candidate <i>PeAPs</i> for genetic engineering to enhance salinity tolerance in woody crops. |
| format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj-art-1a0d15a0a1ad4f52b0264ec9c2ab1a802025-07-11T14:41:43ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-06-011413193010.3390/plants14131930Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of <i>Aspartic proteases</i> in <i>Populus euphratica</i> Reveals Candidates Involved in Salt TolerancePeiyang He0Lifan Huang1Hanyang Cai2College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaJinshan College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaAspartic proteases (APs) are among the four primary families of proteolytic enzymes found in plants, and they are essential for both stress response mechanisms and developmental activities. While the <i>AP</i> gene family has been studied in model plants like <i>Arabidopsis</i>, its characterization in woody species-particularly in extremophytes like <i>Populus euphratica</i>, remains limited. Moreover, the potential involvement of <i>APs</i> in salt tolerance mechanisms in trees is yet to be explored. In this research, 55 <i>Pe</i>APs were discovered and categorized into three distinct classes based on their conserved protein structures. The phylogenetic analysis revealed potential functions of <i>AP</i> genes derived from <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, <i>V. vinifera</i>, and <i>P. euphratica</i>. Our findings indicate that <i>PeAP</i> possesses a well-conserved evolutionary background and contains numerous highly variable regions, making it an excellent candidate for the identification and systematic examination of woody trees. Additionally, motifs frequently found in aspartic proteases within the genome of <i>P. euphratica</i> may be linked to functional <i>PeAP</i>s. It appears that <i>PeAPs</i> are associated with specific gene functions. These genes are influenced by cis-elements, which may play a role in their responsiveness to phytohormone, stress adaptation maybe changed to these genes are regulated by cis-elements that may mediate their responsiveness to phytohormones, abiotic stress, and developmental cues. Our research offers the initial comprehensive analysis of the <i>AP</i> family in <i>P. euphratica</i>, emphasizing its potential functions in adapting to salt conditions. The findings uncover candidate <i>PeAPs</i> for genetic engineering to enhance salinity tolerance in woody crops.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/13/1930<i>Populus euphratica</i>gene family<i>Aspartic proteases</i>salinity tolerance |
| spellingShingle | Peiyang He Lifan Huang Hanyang Cai Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of <i>Aspartic proteases</i> in <i>Populus euphratica</i> Reveals Candidates Involved in Salt Tolerance Plants <i>Populus euphratica</i> gene family <i>Aspartic proteases</i> salinity tolerance |
| title | Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of <i>Aspartic proteases</i> in <i>Populus euphratica</i> Reveals Candidates Involved in Salt Tolerance |
| title_full | Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of <i>Aspartic proteases</i> in <i>Populus euphratica</i> Reveals Candidates Involved in Salt Tolerance |
| title_fullStr | Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of <i>Aspartic proteases</i> in <i>Populus euphratica</i> Reveals Candidates Involved in Salt Tolerance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of <i>Aspartic proteases</i> in <i>Populus euphratica</i> Reveals Candidates Involved in Salt Tolerance |
| title_short | Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of <i>Aspartic proteases</i> in <i>Populus euphratica</i> Reveals Candidates Involved in Salt Tolerance |
| title_sort | genome wide identification and expression analysis of i aspartic proteases i in i populus euphratica i reveals candidates involved in salt tolerance |
| topic | <i>Populus euphratica</i> gene family <i>Aspartic proteases</i> salinity tolerance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/13/1930 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT peiyanghe genomewideidentificationandexpressionanalysisofiasparticproteasesiinipopuluseuphraticairevealscandidatesinvolvedinsalttolerance AT lifanhuang genomewideidentificationandexpressionanalysisofiasparticproteasesiinipopuluseuphraticairevealscandidatesinvolvedinsalttolerance AT hanyangcai genomewideidentificationandexpressionanalysisofiasparticproteasesiinipopuluseuphraticairevealscandidatesinvolvedinsalttolerance |