Training vs. Competition: Load and Intensity Differences Between Multi-Feeding and Simulated Match Play in High-Level Youth Badminton Players
Badminton is an intermittent sport with a diverse exercise profile that stresses both aerobic and anaerobic energy systems. The aim of this study was to compare the internal and external load profiles of multi-feeding (MF) drills and simulated match play (SMP) in elite junior badminton players, and...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/13/7451 |
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| author | Francisco Alvarez-Dacal Alejandro Rodríguez-Fernández Alba Herrero-Molleda Marina Gil-Calvo Ernest Baiget Jordi Seguí-Urbaneja Jaime Fernández-Fernández |
| author_facet | Francisco Alvarez-Dacal Alejandro Rodríguez-Fernández Alba Herrero-Molleda Marina Gil-Calvo Ernest Baiget Jordi Seguí-Urbaneja Jaime Fernández-Fernández |
| author_sort | Francisco Alvarez-Dacal |
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| description | Badminton is an intermittent sport with a diverse exercise profile that stresses both aerobic and anaerobic energy systems. The aim of this study was to compare the internal and external load profiles of multi-feeding (MF) drills and simulated match play (SMP) in elite junior badminton players, and to explore potential sex-based differences. Forty-two players (24 males (age 17.4 ± 2.6 years, training experience 9.9 ± 1.8 years) and 18 females (age 16.9 ± 2.9 years, training experience 9.4 ± 2.1 years)) completed MF and SM sessions while external load (e.g., relative distance, explosive distance, relative jumps) and internal load (heart rate [HR], session rating of perceived exertion [sRPE]) variables were recorded using inertial measurement units and HR monitors. Two-way ANOVA revealed that MF induced significantly greater external (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and internal (<i>p</i> < 0.001) loads compared to SM, with large effect sizes. Male players showed markedly higher jump frequency (1.60 n/min vs. 0.80 n/min) and maximum speed (19.80 km/h vs. 15.80 km/h), although HR and sRPE values were similar between sexes (<i>p</i> > 0.05), suggesting that female athletes may experience greater relative physiological load. These findings highlight the importance of using MF drills to target specific conditioning goals and reinforce the need for individualized training strategies considering sex differences. |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-13eb1f49b1fe40cdaa53e978a1f34cc72025-07-11T14:36:41ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172025-07-011513745110.3390/app15137451Training vs. Competition: Load and Intensity Differences Between Multi-Feeding and Simulated Match Play in High-Level Youth Badminton PlayersFrancisco Alvarez-Dacal0Alejandro Rodríguez-Fernández1Alba Herrero-Molleda2Marina Gil-Calvo3Ernest Baiget4Jordi Seguí-Urbaneja5Jaime Fernández-Fernández6Regional Badminton Technification Center (CTD), 33006 Oviedo, SpainFaculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Universidad de León, 24071 León, SpainFaculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Universidad de León, 24071 León, SpainFaculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Universidad de León, 24071 León, SpainNational Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona (UB), 08038 Barcelona, SpainNational Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Lleida (UdL), 25192 Lleida, SpainRegional Badminton Technification Center (CTD), 33006 Oviedo, SpainBadminton is an intermittent sport with a diverse exercise profile that stresses both aerobic and anaerobic energy systems. The aim of this study was to compare the internal and external load profiles of multi-feeding (MF) drills and simulated match play (SMP) in elite junior badminton players, and to explore potential sex-based differences. Forty-two players (24 males (age 17.4 ± 2.6 years, training experience 9.9 ± 1.8 years) and 18 females (age 16.9 ± 2.9 years, training experience 9.4 ± 2.1 years)) completed MF and SM sessions while external load (e.g., relative distance, explosive distance, relative jumps) and internal load (heart rate [HR], session rating of perceived exertion [sRPE]) variables were recorded using inertial measurement units and HR monitors. Two-way ANOVA revealed that MF induced significantly greater external (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and internal (<i>p</i> < 0.001) loads compared to SM, with large effect sizes. Male players showed markedly higher jump frequency (1.60 n/min vs. 0.80 n/min) and maximum speed (19.80 km/h vs. 15.80 km/h), although HR and sRPE values were similar between sexes (<i>p</i> > 0.05), suggesting that female athletes may experience greater relative physiological load. These findings highlight the importance of using MF drills to target specific conditioning goals and reinforce the need for individualized training strategies considering sex differences.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/13/7451youth athletesperformanceinternal loadexternal loadtrainingcompetition |
| spellingShingle | Francisco Alvarez-Dacal Alejandro Rodríguez-Fernández Alba Herrero-Molleda Marina Gil-Calvo Ernest Baiget Jordi Seguí-Urbaneja Jaime Fernández-Fernández Training vs. Competition: Load and Intensity Differences Between Multi-Feeding and Simulated Match Play in High-Level Youth Badminton Players Applied Sciences youth athletes performance internal load external load training competition |
| title | Training vs. Competition: Load and Intensity Differences Between Multi-Feeding and Simulated Match Play in High-Level Youth Badminton Players |
| title_full | Training vs. Competition: Load and Intensity Differences Between Multi-Feeding and Simulated Match Play in High-Level Youth Badminton Players |
| title_fullStr | Training vs. Competition: Load and Intensity Differences Between Multi-Feeding and Simulated Match Play in High-Level Youth Badminton Players |
| title_full_unstemmed | Training vs. Competition: Load and Intensity Differences Between Multi-Feeding and Simulated Match Play in High-Level Youth Badminton Players |
| title_short | Training vs. Competition: Load and Intensity Differences Between Multi-Feeding and Simulated Match Play in High-Level Youth Badminton Players |
| title_sort | training vs competition load and intensity differences between multi feeding and simulated match play in high level youth badminton players |
| topic | youth athletes performance internal load external load training competition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/13/7451 |
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