Phosphorus Recovery by Activated Carbons (ACs) and Nano Iron Oxide/Activated Carbons (Fe3O4/AC) Composites in Flow-electrode Capacitive Deionization (FCDI) System
Phosphorus recovery is essential because phosphorus is a limited resource and excessive phosphorus concentration can adversely affect water quality. Flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI), which employed activated carbons (ACs) or nano iron oxide/activated carbon (Fe₃O₄/AC) composites as flow...
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| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Tamkang University Press
2025-06-01
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| Schriftenreihe: | Journal of Applied Science and Engineering |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | http://jase.tku.edu.tw/articles/jase-202602-29-02-0013 |
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| Zusammenfassung: | Phosphorus recovery is essential because phosphorus is a limited resource and excessive phosphorus concentration can adversely affect water quality. Flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI), which employed activated carbons (ACs) or nano iron oxide/activated carbon (Fe₃O₄/AC) composites as flowable electrode materials, explored in this study has demonstrated effectively remove or recover sodium chloride or phosphorus. Characterization of flow-electrode materials and the effects of operation parameters, including phosphorus
concentration, flow-electrode materials, applied voltage, and feasibility of reuse the recycled flow-electrode materials were thoroughly studied. As-prepared Fe₃O₄/AC composites were characterized as spherical magnetite nanoparticles with particle size of 200-400 nm . Our results showed that an optimal sodium chloride concentration of 20 g/L yielded the highest average salt removal rate (ASRR) of 9.94 × 10−4 mmol NaCl/min/cm² and a good charge efficiency of 72.36%. For phosphorus removal, at 1000 mg/L NaH₂PO₄, FCDI system with
the ACs flow electrode can achieve the highest ASRR ( 8.12 × 10−5 mmol P/min/cm² ) , the highest charge efficiency ( 60.27% ), and the lowest energy consumption ( 192.11 kWh/mmol ). FCDI system with Fe₃O₄/AC composites as flow electrode material demonstrated better selectivity of phosphorus over sodium ( βP/Na = 3.16 ) with higher charge efficiency and lower energy consumption, indicating its potential to sustainably remove or recover phosphorus. Recycled Fe₃O₄/AC composites showed its feasibility to be reused with comparable performance as that of original Fe3O4/AC composites. This study revealed that Fe3O4/AC composites can be potential flow-electrode materials for FCDI system to efficiently and sustainably remove or recover phosphorus from wastewater. |
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| ISSN: | 2708-9967 2708-9975 |