Paracrine signaling in cancer-associated fibroblasts: central regulators of the tumor immune microenvironment
Abstract Despite groundbreaking advances in cancer immunotherapy, clinical efficacy remains constrained by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). As key stromal components within this TME, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) emerge as pivotal regulators of drug resistance and immune ev...
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2025-06-01
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Series: | Journal of Translational Medicine |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-025-06744-4 |
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