The role of the cerebellum in dystonia
Dystonia is a neurologic disorder characterized by abnormal muscle contractions and postures, which is vastly heterogeneous in its etiologies and clinical manifestations. The role of the basal ganglia in the pathogenesis of dystonia is well known, however, there has been a recent surge of evidence i...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Dystonia |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontierspartnerships.org/articles/10.3389/dyst.2025.14692/full |
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| author | Alexander S. Wang Alexander S. Wang Ibrahim M. Alkhodair Ibrahim M. Alkhodair Camilla W. Kilbane Camilla W. Kilbane |
| author_facet | Alexander S. Wang Alexander S. Wang Ibrahim M. Alkhodair Ibrahim M. Alkhodair Camilla W. Kilbane Camilla W. Kilbane |
| author_sort | Alexander S. Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dystonia is a neurologic disorder characterized by abnormal muscle contractions and postures, which is vastly heterogeneous in its etiologies and clinical manifestations. The role of the basal ganglia in the pathogenesis of dystonia is well known, however, there has been a recent surge of evidence implicating the malfunction of a wide network, including a prominent role of the cerebellum. In this review article, we explore the role of the cerebellum in generating dystonia through multiple lines of basic science and clinical evidence. Neurophysiological, radiological, and pathological findings in various dystonia syndromes implicate an important role of the cerebellum. Dystonia additionally accompanies many known ataxic cerebellar disorders such as spinocerebellar ataxia. Genetic and pharmacologic mouse models of dystonia have demonstrated various degrees of cerebellar pathophysiology. There is emerging evidence supporting cerebellar neuromodulation in the treatment of dystonia. Lastly, we describe cerebellar, cortical, and subcortical motor connections which provide a connectomic basis where the cerebellum may play either a primary or ancillary role in generating dystonia. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-04a296b8b4734c99a54278a3e82c1cbf |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2813-2106 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Dystonia |
| spelling | doaj-art-04a296b8b4734c99a54278a3e82c1cbf2025-06-27T05:10:20ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Dystonia2813-21062025-06-01410.3389/dyst.2025.1469214692The role of the cerebellum in dystoniaAlexander S. Wang0Alexander S. Wang1Ibrahim M. Alkhodair2Ibrahim M. Alkhodair3Camilla W. Kilbane4Camilla W. Kilbane5Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United StatesDepartment of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United StatesDepartment of Neurology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United StatesDepartment of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United StatesDepartment of Neurology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United StatesDepartment of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United StatesDystonia is a neurologic disorder characterized by abnormal muscle contractions and postures, which is vastly heterogeneous in its etiologies and clinical manifestations. The role of the basal ganglia in the pathogenesis of dystonia is well known, however, there has been a recent surge of evidence implicating the malfunction of a wide network, including a prominent role of the cerebellum. In this review article, we explore the role of the cerebellum in generating dystonia through multiple lines of basic science and clinical evidence. Neurophysiological, radiological, and pathological findings in various dystonia syndromes implicate an important role of the cerebellum. Dystonia additionally accompanies many known ataxic cerebellar disorders such as spinocerebellar ataxia. Genetic and pharmacologic mouse models of dystonia have demonstrated various degrees of cerebellar pathophysiology. There is emerging evidence supporting cerebellar neuromodulation in the treatment of dystonia. Lastly, we describe cerebellar, cortical, and subcortical motor connections which provide a connectomic basis where the cerebellum may play either a primary or ancillary role in generating dystonia.https://www.frontierspartnerships.org/articles/10.3389/dyst.2025.14692/fulldystoniacerebellumdeep brain stimulationdystonia networkanimal model |
| spellingShingle | Alexander S. Wang Alexander S. Wang Ibrahim M. Alkhodair Ibrahim M. Alkhodair Camilla W. Kilbane Camilla W. Kilbane The role of the cerebellum in dystonia Dystonia dystonia cerebellum deep brain stimulation dystonia network animal model |
| title | The role of the cerebellum in dystonia |
| title_full | The role of the cerebellum in dystonia |
| title_fullStr | The role of the cerebellum in dystonia |
| title_full_unstemmed | The role of the cerebellum in dystonia |
| title_short | The role of the cerebellum in dystonia |
| title_sort | role of the cerebellum in dystonia |
| topic | dystonia cerebellum deep brain stimulation dystonia network animal model |
| url | https://www.frontierspartnerships.org/articles/10.3389/dyst.2025.14692/full |
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