Flight initiation distance is repeatable and geographically flexible in greylag geese Anser anser

The decision to flee from an approaching threat represents a trade‐off between the costs and benefits of flight. In research to date, particular interest has been given to the effects of urbanisation on predator escape behaviour. However, these differences are most often studied at the population ra...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Andrew C. Katsis, Lauren K. Common, Jonas Lesigang, Avila Bold, Marie Fröhlich, Jana-Marie Schmincke, Didone Frigerio, Sonia Kleindorfer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-05-01
Series:Journal of Avian Biology
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.03288
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