A Stackelberg Game Approach to Model Reference Adaptive Control for Spacecraft Pursuit–Evasion
A Stackelberg equilibrium–based Model Reference Adaptive Control (MSE) method is proposed for spacecraft Pursuit–Evasion (PE) games with incomplete information and sequential decision making under a non–zero–sum framework. First, the spacecraft PE dynamics under <inline-formula><math xmlns=...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Aerospace |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/12/7/613 |
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| author | Gena Gan Ming Chu Huayu Zhang Shaoqi Lin |
| author_facet | Gena Gan Ming Chu Huayu Zhang Shaoqi Lin |
| author_sort | Gena Gan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A Stackelberg equilibrium–based Model Reference Adaptive Control (MSE) method is proposed for spacecraft Pursuit–Evasion (PE) games with incomplete information and sequential decision making under a non–zero–sum framework. First, the spacecraft PE dynamics under <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>J</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> perturbation are mapped to a dynamic Stackelberg game model. Next, the Riccati equation solves the equilibrium problem, deriving the evader’s optimal control strategy. Finally, a model reference adaptive algorithm enables the pursuer to dynamically adjust its control gains. Simulations show that the MSE strategy outperforms Nash Equilibrium (NE) and Single–step Prediction Stackelberg Equilibrium (SSE) methods, achieving 25.46% faster convergence than SSE and 39.11% lower computational cost than NE. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-016082bf14bf40aab9c7a96c0e44a79b |
| institution | Matheson Library |
| issn | 2226-4310 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Aerospace |
| spelling | doaj-art-016082bf14bf40aab9c7a96c0e44a79b2025-07-25T13:09:07ZengMDPI AGAerospace2226-43102025-07-0112761310.3390/aerospace12070613A Stackelberg Game Approach to Model Reference Adaptive Control for Spacecraft Pursuit–EvasionGena Gan0Ming Chu1Huayu Zhang2Shaoqi Lin3School of Intelligent Engineering and Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaSchool of Intelligent Engineering and Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaSchool of Intelligent Engineering and Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaSchool of Intelligent Engineering and Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaA Stackelberg equilibrium–based Model Reference Adaptive Control (MSE) method is proposed for spacecraft Pursuit–Evasion (PE) games with incomplete information and sequential decision making under a non–zero–sum framework. First, the spacecraft PE dynamics under <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>J</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> perturbation are mapped to a dynamic Stackelberg game model. Next, the Riccati equation solves the equilibrium problem, deriving the evader’s optimal control strategy. Finally, a model reference adaptive algorithm enables the pursuer to dynamically adjust its control gains. Simulations show that the MSE strategy outperforms Nash Equilibrium (NE) and Single–step Prediction Stackelberg Equilibrium (SSE) methods, achieving 25.46% faster convergence than SSE and 39.11% lower computational cost than NE.https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/12/7/613spacecraft systemsPE game controlStackelberg gamemodel referenceadaptive control |
| spellingShingle | Gena Gan Ming Chu Huayu Zhang Shaoqi Lin A Stackelberg Game Approach to Model Reference Adaptive Control for Spacecraft Pursuit–Evasion Aerospace spacecraft systems PE game control Stackelberg game model reference adaptive control |
| title | A Stackelberg Game Approach to Model Reference Adaptive Control for Spacecraft Pursuit–Evasion |
| title_full | A Stackelberg Game Approach to Model Reference Adaptive Control for Spacecraft Pursuit–Evasion |
| title_fullStr | A Stackelberg Game Approach to Model Reference Adaptive Control for Spacecraft Pursuit–Evasion |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Stackelberg Game Approach to Model Reference Adaptive Control for Spacecraft Pursuit–Evasion |
| title_short | A Stackelberg Game Approach to Model Reference Adaptive Control for Spacecraft Pursuit–Evasion |
| title_sort | stackelberg game approach to model reference adaptive control for spacecraft pursuit evasion |
| topic | spacecraft systems PE game control Stackelberg game model reference adaptive control |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/12/7/613 |
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