Suchergebnisse - R. Smith

Tradeoffs are part of the inherent challenge of making decisions. Defaulting to a prevalent method can mask methodological variation and potential improvement in decision quality. We applied and compared methods for multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) in real-world environmental planning. Decisi...

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Background: The need for the adaptation of instruments to other native languages to promote culture-fairness framed this study. Aim: This article reports on the adaptation of the locally developed Emotional Social Screening Tool for School Readiness (E3SR-R) into isiXhosa. Setting: This adaptation...

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With only three named species, Antarctica is the continent with the least explored kinorhynch biodiversity. The present contribution provides the most comprehensive study of Antarctic kinorhynchs collected along the coast of the West Antarctic Peninsula. Quantitative samples were collected in three...

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We demonstrate the reconstruction of battery electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) curves from time-domain pulse testing and the distribution of relaxation times (DRT) analysis. In the proposed approach, the DRT directly utilizes measured current data instead of simulated current patterns, th...

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<p>Earth system tipping points pose existential threats to current and future generations, both human and non-human, with those least responsible for causing them facing the greatest risks. “Positive” social tipping points (that we shorten to positive tipping points, or PTPs) are often deliber...

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We propose and investigate theoretically the use of bi-directional propagation of light in silica integrated coupled waveguide structures for linear optical processing of fiber-coupled photons. We show that the class of linear operations that can be implemented in such a system is given by symmetric...

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Objective: Evaluate cost of care of all-terrain vehicle (ATV) related injuries sustained by riders 16 years and younger in Pennsylvania. Methods: Population-based retrospective cohort design reviewing costs of care of 78 patients (≤16 years), admitted (01/01/2007–12/31/2009) to our institution for i...

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<h4>Objective</h4>To assess the existing evidence regarding breastfeeding initiation time and infant morbidity and mortality.<h4>Study design</h4>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Popline, LILACS, AIM, and...

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<h4>Background</h4>Understanding the economic value of health interventions is essential for policy makers to make informed resource allocation decisions. The objective of this systematic review was to summarize available information on the economic impact of children's surgical car...

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Background: The clinical burden of post-surgical chronic hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) in England is not well established. This study compared the risks of complications and mortality between patients with post-surgical chronic HypoPT and patients without HypoPT in England. Methods: This retrospective...

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<b>Introduction:</b> Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are neuropsychiatric diagnoses that commonly co-occur, as approximately 25% of youth with OCD also have a diagnosis of ADHD and 11% of youth with ADHD have OCD. Individuals with A...

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<h4>Background</h4>For children with cancer in low- and middle-income countries, medical and non-medical expenses are often paid through out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures, which pose significant barriers to timely care. Our study aims to estimate the impact of OOP expenditures for cancer...

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Lack of access to surgical care is common in low- and middle-income countries, where children and adolescents account for up to half of the population. However, the burden of surgical conditions and resources for children in Tanzania remains poorly defined. Our cross-sectional study aims to assess t...

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Spasticity is disabling feature of long-term neurological conditions that has substantial impact on people&#x2019; quality of life. Assessing spasticity and determining the efficacy of current treatments is limited by the measurement tools available in clinical practice. We convened an expert pa...

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Ultra-intense laser–matter interactions are often difficult to predict from first principles because of the complexity of plasma processes and the many degrees of freedom relating to the laser and target parameters. An important approach to controlling and optimizing ultra-intense laser interactions...

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ABSTRACT Objective People with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) still experience neurocognitive dysfunction and accelerated brain volume loss. To assess whether the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems are affected, we used [11C]DASB positron emission tomography (PET) to assess presynaptic...

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<h4>Background</h4>The pathway from evidence generation to consumption contains many steps which can lead to overstatement or misinformation. The proliferation of internet-based health news may encourage selection of media and academic research articles that overstate strength of causal...

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ABSTRACT Individual‐based simulation has become an increasingly crucial tool for many fields of population biology. However, continuous geography is important to many applications, and implementing realistic and stable simulations in continuous space presents a variety of difficulties, from modeling...

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