खोज परिणाम - Muhammad Bilal

Accuracy and computational complexity are the two most fundamental and critical factors for ensuring efficient performance of a real-time drone localization algorithm. This paper explores the time complexity of two popular state estimation algorithms: The Error State Kalman Filter (ESKF), and Partic...

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The Carreau flow model for transient transport is applied in multiple overlapping arteries with various stenosis instances to investigate the flow phenomena when the pulsatile nature of the non-Newtonian blood flow regime in the three-dimensional space domain is selected. Partial differential equati...

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Abstract Sustainable construction practices increasingly focus on the partial or complete replacement of traditional concrete ingredients to reduce environmental impact. However, existing building codes primarily assess sustainability in terms of concrete as a whole, with limited guidance on the env...

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This study aimed to investigate the effects of natural daily adequate protein intake on the anaerobic power of bodybuilders undergoing 8-week resistance training program. Thirty-one participants were randomly assigned to a group (n=31) who consumed their daily protein requirements from their regula...

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Aims: Delirium is defined as the acute confusional state common in the elderly patient population of hospitals. Alongside existing diagnosed and undiagnosed dementia, it is a common cause of cognitive impairment in the elderly. This project aimed to evaluate the care patients with delirium and deme...

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The study aims to analyze the impact of China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) logistics-related developments on economic growth in Pakistan. The study defined a Cobb–Douglas type of research framework in which the country’s real income level relates to four factor inputs, e.g., employed labor forc...

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An analytical study of a two-dimensional boundary layer flow of an upper-convected Maxwell fluid is examined. In addition, an aligned magnetic field over the inclined shrinking/stretching stratified sheet in a non-Darcian porous medium is considered. The heat transfer effects are employed through no...

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A soccer match makes heavy demands on both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. Elite players run 8–12 km during a game. Nevertheless, anaerobic metabolism is also crucial in sprints, jumps, and tackles. Many studies have stated that aerobic and anaerobic strength are significant features in soccer ga...

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Nutritional supplements are commonly accessible products used as an extension to the normal diet and are mostly used by athletes. Among all users of supplements, the utilization among athletes tends to be more noteworthy than the overall public. With such a vast number of athletes utilizing dietary...

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Dynamics of flowing liquids over 3D domain subjected to non-linear stretching has paramount essence in numerous phenomena related to instrumental design industry, aerospace setups, renewable energy optimization through solar and wind, molding and spinning of materials and many more. To exemplify the...

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Sports massage is very common among the athletes of developed nations. Since many of studies have been conducted and revealed positive benefits of Sports massage (SMT). The results of different studies show that it improves health, enhance immunity, speedy recovery after an injury, and after intens...

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Current imbalance in freight share (96% roads vs. 4% railways) in Pakistan, is impacting the performance of highways and is causing under-utilization of existing railway network. Expected increased freight demand due to China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), necessitates a strategic shift towards...

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Flavonoids are widely-distributed polyphenolic secondary metabolites with diverse biological activities in plants and benefit human health as protective dietary agents. They participate in plants' responses to harsh environmental conditions and effectively regulate the cell differentiation and...

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The primary objective of this study is to empirically evaluate the role of various levels of financial friction in explaining stock returns through different asset pricing models. This study enhances asset pricing model estimates by incorporating diverse levels of financial friction by introducing a...

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This article addresses the non-trivial problem of classifying thoracic diseases in chest X-ray (CXR) images. A single CXR image may exhibit multiple diseases, making this a multi-label classification problem. Additionally, the inherent class imbalance makes the task even more challenging as some dis...

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Conventional binders (e.g., cement, lime) contribute significantly to carbon emissions, undermining sustainable geotechnical practices. This study introduces sugarcane-derived bagasse ash (BA), a bio-based industrial residue, as a green alternative for stabilizing swelling clay subgrades. The novelt...

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Background: Lumbar decompression surgery is commonly performed to alleviate symptoms of lumbar spine diseases; nevertheless, the correlation between post-operative impairment and factors such as pain severity, pain-related anxiety, and physical performance remains little studied. This study aimed t...

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Introduction: Testicular tumours in childhood have diverse characteristics for different age ranges. This study aimed to describe the pattern, presentation and outcomes of primary testicular tumours in a paediatric population. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from January 2010 to Decembe...

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This work presents a cost-effective optical frequency comb generator (CEOFCG) solution for generating multiple, equally spaced carriers in wavelength-division-multiplexing coherent optical fiber communication systems (WDM-COFCS). It enables the replacement of multiple laser sources with a single con...

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Heptafluorobutyronitrile (C4F7N) has received much consideration as an effective substitute to sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) in the electrical industrial sector over the last decade. However, liability is the key to emerging technology, and the thermoelectric aging of the insulation gases may produce un...

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